Prevention and Rehabilitation of Musculoskeletal Injuries During Military Operations and Training

Zambraski, Edward J.; Yancosek, Kathleen E.

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31822e7721

Cited by 37 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Overall, it appears that the use of occupational footwear results in higher GRF and greater plantar pressure. Factors contributing to GRF are of note given that GRF is associated with running injuries [ 72 ] and that running is a leading cause of injuries in military personnel [ 73 , 74 ]. Furthermore, increases in GRF also extend to the lumbopelvic region, with research by Vu et al [ 7 ] finding various forces throughout the lumbopelvic region being significantly higher in firefighters wearing these boots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Footwear on Occupational Task Performance and Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Scoping Review to Inform Tactical Footwear

Orr

Maupin

Palmer

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of this scoping review was to investigate the impact of footwear on worker physical task performance and injury risk. The review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews protocol and registered in the Open Science Framework. Key search terms were entered into five academic databases. Following a dedicated screening process and critical appraisal, data from the final articles informing this review were extracted, tabulated, and synthesised. Of 19,614 identified articles, 50 articles informed this review. Representing 16 countries, the most common populations investigated were military and firefighter populations, but a wide range of general occupations (e.g., shipping, mining, hairdressing, and healthcare workers) were represented. Footwear types included work safety boots/shoes (e.g., industrial, gumboots, steel capped, etc.,), military and firefighter boots, sports shoes (trainers, tennis, basketball, etc.,) and various other types (e.g., sandals, etc.). Occupational footwear was found to impact gait and angular velocities, joint ranges of motion, posture and balance, physiological measures (like aerobic capacity, heart rates, temperatures, etc.), muscle activity, and selected occupational tasks. Occupational footwear associated with injuries included boots, conventional running shoes, shoes with inserts, harder/stiffer outsoles or thin soles, and shoes with low comfort scores—although the findings were mixed. Occupational footwear was also linked to potentially causing injuries directly (e.g., musculoskeletal injuries) as well as leading to mechanisms associated with causing injuries (like tripping and slipping).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Footwear on Occupational Task Performance and Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Scoping Review to Inform Tactical Footwear

Orr

Maupin

Palmer

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…In response to the high burden of MSK-I, 1 2 16 MSK-I mitigation and prevention programmes (MSK-IMPP) have been developed and studied across different global militaries and within different military arms and branches. 17–20 MSK-IMPPs have focused on various strategies to mitigate injury risk, including embedding medical assets, 21 modifying physical training programming (eg, decreasing running mileage), 22 neuromuscular warm-ups, 23 bracing and equipment, 24 nutritional interventions and dietary supplementation. 25 26 Although several MSK-IMPPs have demonstrated success at reducing injuries, 21 27 28 a recent systematic review revealed that some programmes increased injury rates compared with control groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of musculoskeletal injury mitigation programmes for military service members around the world: a scoping review

Bullock,

Dartt,

Ricker

et al. 2023

Inj Prev

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IntroductionMusculoskeletal injury (MSK-I) mitigation and prevention programmes (MSK-IMPPs) have been developed and implemented across militaries worldwide. Although programme efficacy is often reported, development and implementation details are often overlooked, limiting their scalability, sustainability and effectiveness. This scoping review aimed to identify the following in military populations: (1) barriers and facilitators to implementing and scaling MSK-IMPPs; (2) gaps in MSK-IMPP research and (3) future research priorities.MethodsA scoping review assessed literature from inception to April 2022 that included studies on MSK-IMPP implementation and/or effectiveness in military populations. Barriers and facilitators to implementing these programmes were identified.ResultsFrom 132 articles, most were primary research studies (90; 68.2%); the remainder were review papers (42; 31.8%). Among primary studies, 3 (3.3%) investigated only women, 62 (69%) only men and 25 (27.8%) both. Barriers included limited resources, lack of stakeholder engagement, competing military priorities and equipment-related factors. Facilitators included strong stakeholder engagement, targeted programme design, involvement/proximity of MSK-I experts, providing MSK-I mitigation education, low burden on resources and emphasising end-user acceptability. Research gaps included variability in reported MSK-I outcomes and no consensus on relevant surveillance metrics and definitions.ConclusionDespite a robust body of literature, there is a dearth of information about programme implementation; specifically, barriers or facilitators to success. Additionally, variability in outcomes and lack of consensus on MSK-I definitions may affect the development, implementation evaluation and comparison of MSK-IMPPs. There is a need for international consensus on definitions and optimal data reporting elements when conducting injury risk mitigation research in the military.

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“…normal physical training(8), balance(18), agility(13) Control: normal physical training(8) 43 sessions for balance, 13 sessions for agility (5 min for 1 session, total 280 min)Hartig and Henderson 23 Intervention: normal routine of stretching (not specified), stretching(1) Control: normal routine of stretching (not specified) 273 sessions (2.5 min for 1 session, total 682.5 min) Knapik et al24 Intervention: conditioning drill (13), movement drills (3), aerobic (2), stretching drills(10) Control: stretching, upper-body strengthening (2), aerobic(1) 45 sessions (60 min for 1 session, total 2,700 min)Pope et al25 Intervention: static lower-body stretching (2) Control: static upper-body stretching (2)…”

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confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Soldiers

Sung,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2024

Korean J Sports Med

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Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the exercise intervention effects for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries in military personnel. Methods: Among studies that included military personnel as participants, we identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster-RCT studies that used exercise interventions as a method for injury prevention. Exercise encompassed all types of physical activity, and the effect size was determined by the ratio of injuries between groups. Literature searches were conducted with search terms modified to ensure common inclusion of keywords such as "Soldier," "Injury prevention," and "Exercise." For the analysis of potential factors, variables selected for group differentiation included gender, risk of bias, exercise volume, injury location, exercise type, and study design. Results: Among a total of 8,598 search results, 10 papers were finally confirmed. The meta-analysis of all 10 papers showed that there was no statistically significant injury prevention effect, and significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (incidence rate ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-1.09, I 2 =83%). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant 44% reduction in injuries in studies where exercise volume for injury prevention was relatively high. However, no significant injury prevention effects were observed in other potential factors between groups. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that the effectiveness of injury prevention exercises in military settings was not statistically significant. However, through the analysis of potential factors, it was confirmed that increasing the time spent on injury prevention exercises may have a preventive effect on injuries.

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Prevention and Rehabilitation of Musculoskeletal Injuries During Military Operations and Training

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

The Impact of Footwear on Occupational Task Performance and Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Scoping Review to Inform Tactical Footwear

The Impact of Footwear on Occupational Task Performance and Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Scoping Review to Inform Tactical Footwear

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of musculoskeletal injury mitigation programmes for military service members around the world: a scoping review

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Soldiers

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