Prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity: a systematic review of meta-analyses

Ψαλτοπούλου, Θεοδώρα; Tzanninis, Stamatios; Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos, Ioannis; Panotopoulos, George; Kostopoulou, Myrto; Tzanninis, Ioannis‐Georgios; Tsagianni, Anastasia; Sergentanis, Theodoros N.

doi:10.1007/s12519-019-00266-y

Cited by 71 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…However, a posteriori effect on BMI and body weight may not be affected by PA. In line with previous work [ 71 ], several intervention studies were unable to prove success at long-term follow-up with PA outcomes. This may be explained by the approach used in these interventions, specifically educational and behavioral, which did not produce sustainable results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…This review demonstrates better anthropometric outcome measures in the “energy-balance” programs that include PA components, such as enhanced physical education classes and encouragement of behavior change activities immediately post-intervention. Upon examination of interventional studies, PA seems to be moderately to highly effective in improving body composition, especially with improving resistance exercise [ 25 , 27 , 50 ] and increasing lean mass [ 71 ]. However, a posteriori effect on BMI and body weight may not be affected by PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be explained by the approach used in these interventions, specifically educational and behavioral, which did not produce sustainable results. As shown in the risk of bias, a meta-analysis of reviews [ 71 ] has found low methodological quality of the studies included in the meta-analysis, a high level of heterogeneity, a limited number of studies available, mixed populations of overweight and non-overweight adolescents, as well as inadequate description of the interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Strategies for Preventing Obesity and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders among Adolescents: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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An effective behavior change program is the first line of prevention for youth obesity. However, effectiveness in prevention of adolescent obesity requires several approaches, with special attention paid to disordered eating behaviors and psychological support, among other environmental factors. The aim of this systematic review is to compare the impact of two types of obesity prevention programs, inclusive of behavior change components, on weight outcomes. “Energy-balance” studies are aimed at reducing calories from high-energy sources and increasing physical activity (PA) levels, while “shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders” focus on reducing disordered eating behaviors to promote a positive food and eating relationship. A systematic search of ProQuest, PubMed, PsycInfo, SciELO, and Web of Science identified 8825 articles. Thirty-five studies were included in the review, of which 20 regarded “energy-balance” and 15 “shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders”. “Energy-balance” studies were unable to support maintenance weight status, diet, and PA. “Shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders” programs also did not result in significant differences in weight status over time. However, the majority of “shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders” studies demonstrated reduced body dissatisfaction, dieting, and weight-control behaviors. Research is needed to examine how a shared risk factor approach can address both obesity and eating disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Strategies for Preventing Obesity and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders among Adolescents: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…Physical activity (PA) improves cardiorespiratory fitness and strengthens the musculoskeletal system, contributing to maintain an adequate body composition and preventing childhood obesity [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Physical Activity Patterns from Childhood to Adolescence: Genobox Longitudinal Study

Llorente-Cantarero

Aguilar-Gómez

Anguita‐Ruiz

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Longitudinal changes of physical activity (PA) from childhood into adolescence have not been accurately described yet for the Spanish population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes of PA, assessed by accelerometry and anthropometric measures in a cohort of 213 children from the prepubertal to pubertal period, focusing on those with valid data from both time points (n = 75). Sedentary time (ST) increased about 50%, while all PA intensities declined from the pre-pubertal to pubertal period. Light PA (LPA) was the major contributor, decreasing by about 30%. Boys were more active than girls in both periods, but they showed a higher decline in PA, especially moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). The proportion who reached the recommendation of 60 min of MVPA decreased by 33.3% in boys and 4.6% in girls. Children with obesity or overweight had lower MVPA than those with normal-weight in the pre-pubertal period, but no differences were found in the pubertal period. This study shows a decrease of PA and an increase of sedentarism in the transition from childhood to adolescence, particularly in boys. Regardless of body weight, adolescents tend to be less active. Therefore, prevention programs should be implemented to achieve optimal PA and reduce sedentarism during infancy considering the differences found by sex.

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“…To tackle the progressing problem of increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes in children, many interventions including diet, increase in physical activity and behavioral modifications have been proposed either separately or combined for preventing and treatment of obesity. Psaltopoulou et al in their systematic review concluded that the combination of enhanced physical activity and improved nutrition emerged as apromising intervention in the fight against childhood/adolescent obesity [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Big challenges: obesity and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents

2019

World J Pediatr

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Prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity: a systematic review of meta-analyses

Cited by 71 publications

References 101 publications

Impact of Strategies for Preventing Obesity and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders among Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Impact of Strategies for Preventing Obesity and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders among Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Changes in Physical Activity Patterns from Childhood to Adolescence: Genobox Longitudinal Study

Big challenges: obesity and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents

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