Prevention and treatment of enteric viral infections: possible benefits of probiotic bacteria

Colbère-Garapin, Florence; Martin‐Latil, Sandra; Blondel, B; Mousson, Laurence; Pelletier, Isabelle; Autret, Arnaud; François, Alan; Niborski, Violeta; Grompone, Gianfranco; Catonnet, Guillaume; Moer, Ariane van de

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2007.09.016

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that paracellular leakage caused by damage to the intracellular junctions may be an important mechanism underlying RV-associated diarrhea (20,28). Tight junctions have a key role in the association of cells (25)(26)(27)29) and in recent years, claudin-1 has been proposed as an important component of the tight junctions in the intestinal barrier (30,31). However, claudin-1 expression levels increase, rather than decrease, with increasing inflammatory intestinal permeability (25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lactadherin on plasma D-lactic acid and small intestinal MUC2 and claudin-1 expression levels in rats with rotavirus-induced diarrhea

Lei

Shi

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of lactadherin on plasma D-lactic acid and small intestinal mucin (MUC) 2 and claudin-1 expression levels in rats with diarrhea induced by rotavirus (RV) infection. A total of 75 seven-day-old healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: Control (C), RV infection (RVI), lactadherin before rotavirus infection (LBRI), lactadherin after rotavirus infection (LARI), and blank (B). On day 4 of artificial feeding, the rats in groups RVI, LBRI and LARI were intragastric administered 1x10 6 PFU RV; whereas the rats in groups C and B were intragastrically administered an equal volume of maintenance solution from the RV supernatant and normal saline, respectively. In the LBRI and LARI groups, rats received daily intragastric administration of 0.25 mg lactadherin for three days prior to and following infection with RV, respectively. The course of diarrheal symptoms was observed in each group and samples were collected on days 1, 4, and 7 post-infection in order to determine the mucosal morphology, plasma D-lactic acid levels and the expression levels of MUC2 and the intracellular junction protein, claudin-1, in the small intestine. On day 4 post-infection, the rats in group RVI demonstrated severely damaged small intestines and typical diarrheal characteristics, as detected by light microscopy; whereas rats in groups LBRI and LARI demonstrated intact small intestinal villi with partial vacuolation of epithelial cells and changes in the position of their nuclei. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the rats in the RVI group had sparse, shortened, disordered intestinal microvilli and widened intercellular junctions; whereas those in groups LBRI and LARI had long intestinal microvilli sparser compared with groups B and C and slightly widened intercellular junctions. Plasma D-lactic acid levels were increased in groups RVI, LBRI and LARI, as compared with groups B and C, and the greatest levels were detected in the RVI group on days 1, 4 and 7 post-infection. In addition to maintaining intestinal permeability, lactadherin enhanced the expression levels of MUC2 and reduced the expression of claudin-1; therefore, further protecting the intestinal epithelial barrier, which may contribute to the prevention and treatment of diarrhea induced by infection with RV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lactadherin on plasma D-lactic acid and small intestinal MUC2 and claudin-1 expression levels in rats with rotavirus-induced diarrhea

Lei

Shi

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…There are limited data on the mechanism of action of S. boulardii against viral diarrhea (such as Rotavirus, Adenovirus, and Norovirus). 59 Pooling data of 2 studies performed in children who had diarrhea caused by E. histolytica showed that using S. boulardii may also reduce duration of diarrhea. SavasErdeve et al evaluated the efficacy of 250 mg/day S. boulardii in combination with metronidazole and metronidazole alone in treatment of diarrhea caused by amoeba.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for Acute Diarrhea

2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii for treatment of childhood diarrhea remains unclear. Our objective was to systematically review data on the effect of S. boulardii on acute childhood diarrhea. METHODS:Our data sources included Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library up to September 2013 without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized trials that evaluated effectiveness of S. boulardii for treatment of acute diarrhea in children were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated studies for eligibility and quality and extracted the data. RESULTS:In total, 1248 articles were identified, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. Pooling data from trials showed that S. boulardii significantly reduced the duration of diarrhea (mean difference [MD], 219.7 hours; 95% confidence interval [CI], 226.05 to 213.34), stool frequency on day 2 (MD, 20.74; 95% CI, 21.38 to 20.10) and day 3 (MD, 21.24; 95% CI, 22.13 to 20.35), the risk for diarrhea on day 3 (risk ratio [RR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.60) and day 4 (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.59) after intervention compared with control. The studies included in this review were varied in the definition of diarrhea, the termination of diarrhea, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and their methodological quality. CONCLUSIONS:This review and meta-analysis show that S. boulardii is safe and has clear beneficial effects in children who have acute diarrhea. However, additional studies using head-to-head comparisons are needed to define the best dosage of S. boulardii for diarrhea with different causes. Pediatrics 2014;134:e176-e191

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“…In addition, morphological changes of small intestines were not observed longitudinally. According to studies, some Bifidobacterium species are able to inhibit viral pathogen growth by blocking binding sites on epithelial cells (Colbère-Garapin et al, 2007;Dykstra et al, 2011). And another concluded, probiotics can improve the gut mucosal barrier, normalize intestinal permeability, and disrupt viral cycles using specific or non-specific mechanisms (Picard et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probiotics are live microorganisms (Bae et al, 2002;Colbère-Garapin et al, 2007) that use carbohydrates and saccharides to produce organic acids. Probiotics are used in foods to promote host health (Dykstra et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antiviral Properties of Probiotic Mixtures against Rotavirus in the Rat

Park¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

The Korean Journal of Microbiology

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Rotavirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children in developed and developing countries. The use of probiotics for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases is both safe and easily accessible. In this study, we evaluated the anti-rotaviral activities of probiotic mixtures in a Sprague-Dawley rat. 24 litters with their dams were randomly assigned to four groups; placebo, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and two probiotic mixture (PRO-1 and PRO-2) groups. All rats were inoculated with rotavirus at dose of 8 log plaque forming units per rat at 5 days old. Animals in the PRO-1 and PRO-2 groups were orally administered probiotic mixtures 1 or 2, respectively, at a dose of 8 log colony forming units daily during 4 days. For control purposes, placebo and PBS groups were orally administered the same amount of placebo (containing maltose and polydextrose) or PBS once daily for 4 days, respectively. Antiviral analysis was performed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and observing intestinal villi. As a result, weights of small intestines were greater in the PRO-1, PRO-2 groups than in control groups. Villi were short and villous epithelial necrosis was exhibited in control groups, but these morphological changes were not observed in PRO-1, PRO-2 treated rats. RT-qPCR analysis showed that VP7 gene level of rotavirus in fecal samples and small intestinal epithelial cells were lower in the PRO-1 and PRO-2 groups. These findings suggest that probiotic mixtures may be useful probiotics for the treatment of or as alternative therapies for rotaviral gastroenteritis.

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Prevention and treatment of enteric viral infections: possible benefits of probiotic bacteria

Cited by 52 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of lactadherin on plasma D-lactic acid and small intestinal MUC2 and claudin-1 expression levels in rats with rotavirus-induced diarrhea

Effects of lactadherin on plasma D-lactic acid and small intestinal MUC2 and claudin-1 expression levels in rats with rotavirus-induced diarrhea

Efficacy and Safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for Acute Diarrhea

Antiviral Properties of Probiotic Mixtures against Rotavirus in the Rat

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