Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Use

Kalkhoran, Sara; Benowitz, Neal L.; Rigotti, Nancy A.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.06.036

Cited by 70 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 159 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…In general, the increased use of e-cigarettes and waterpipe is concerning and as recently recommended broader tobacco control efforts by raising tobacco taxes, adopting smoke-free laws, conducting mass media campaigns, and restricting tobacco marketing should be implemented for better health protection of the general population. 100 Future research should focus in particular on the long-term adverse effects of e-cigarette and waterpipe smoking on the cardiovascular system or respiratory diseases and cancer, as strong evidence is still missing (summarized in Figure 1 ). In particular, individuals exposed to second-hand smoke will benefit from any increased knowledge concerning the impact on CVD from tobacco/waterpipe (shisha) and e-cigarette smoking/vaping.…”

Section: Conclusion Clinical Implications and Gaps In Current Knowlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

Münzel

Hahad

Kuntic

et al. 2020

European Heart Journal

272

180

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Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of non-communicable disease globally and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lung disease. Importantly, recent data by the World Health Organizations (WHO) indicate that in the last two decades global tobacco use has significantly dropped, which was largely driven by decreased numbers of female smokers. Despite such advances, the use of e-cigarettes and waterpipes (shisha, hookah, narghile) is an emerging trend, especially among younger generations. There is growing body of evidence that e-cigarettes are not a harm-free alternative to tobacco cigarettes and there is considerable debate as to whether e-cigarettes are saving smokers or generating new addicts. Here, we provide an updated overview of the impact of tobacco/waterpipe (shisha) smoking and e-cigarette vaping on endothelial function, a biomarker for early, subclinical, atherosclerosis from human and animal studies. Also their emerging adverse effects on the proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, microbiome, and the circadian clock are summarized. We briefly discuss heat-not-burn tobacco products and their cardiovascular health effects. We discuss the impact of the toxic constituents of these products on endothelial function and subsequent CVD and we also provide an update on current recommendations, regulation and advertising with focus on the USA and Europe. As outlined by the WHO, tobacco cigarette, waterpipe, and e-cigarette smoking/vaping may contribute to an increased burden of symptoms due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to severe health consequences.

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Section: Conclusion Clinical Implications and Gaps In Current Knowlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

Münzel

Hahad

Kuntic

et al. 2020

European Heart Journal

272

180

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Smoking has been associated with cardiac rhythm disorders such as increased frequency of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia, and with an increased risk of heart failure and related morbidity and mortality. 13 , 14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New forms of smoking have emerged in the last decade and are advertised as having a reduced or absent risk, like JUUL, popular electronic cigarettes that work as vaporizers of encapsulated nicotine, flavors, and other contents in small replaceable cartridges called “pod mods.” These devices, already in their third generation, associate nicotine with other vaporizing or flavoring substances with effects that are still poorly known, but have the potential of inducing health risks. 13 , 14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2019: Recommendations for Reducing Tobacco Consumption in Portuguese-Speaking Countries - Positioning of the Federation of Portuguese Language Cardiology Societies

Oliveira

Mendes

Dutra

et al. 2019

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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Treatment of Tobacco Smoking

Rigotti

Kruse

Livingstone‐Banks

et al. 2022

JAMA

Self Cite

176

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ore than an estimated 8 million smoking-attributed deaths occur globally each year, and approximately 34 million people in the US (14% of adults) currently smoke cigarettes. 1,2 One-third to one-half of people who regularly smoke cigarettes die of a tobacco-related disease, typically approximately 10 years earlier than people who do not smoke cigarettes. 3 Most smoking-attributed deaths are due to cancer (34%), cardiovascular diseases (32%), or respiratory disease (21%). 3 Smoking is associated with cancers of the lung, oropharynx, larynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, kidney, bladder, uterine cervix, and colon or rectum, as well as acute myeloid leukemia. 3 Nearly 90% of lung cancers are attributed to cigarette smoking. 3 Smoking is responsible for approximately 80% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths. 3 The health risk from cigarette smoking is primarily due to chemicals produced by the burning of tobacco and not to nicotine. 3 More than 80% of tobacco users in the US use combustible products, primarily cigarettes but also cigars, pipes, and waterpipes (hookah). 2 In 2019, 19% of US tobacco users reported using multiple tobacco products. 2 Disproportionately high rates of smoking occur among adults with lower education, lower incomes, nontobacco substance use disorders, psychiatric conditions, people living with HIV, American Indian or Alaska Native individuals, and members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT+) community. 2,4 Black individuals experience higher rates of tobacco-related disease and death than any other race. Black men have the highest lung cancer death rate of any racial or ethnic group at 60.4 per 100 000, despite having similar smoking rates as White individuals. 2,5 Worldwide, an estimated 1.3 billion individuals use tobacco products, and more than 80% of them live in low-and middle-income countries. 1 In the US, nearly 90% of adult daily smokers started IMPORTANCE More deaths in the US are attributed to cigarette smoking each year than to any other preventable cause. Approximately 34 million people and an estimated 14% of adults in the US smoke cigarettes. If they stopped smoking, they could reduce their risk of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality and potentially gain up to 10 years of life.OBSERVATIONS Tobacco smoking is a chronic disorder maintained by physical nicotine dependence and learned behaviors. Approximately 70% of people who smoke cigarettes want to quit smoking. However, individuals who attempt to quit smoking make an average of approximately 6 quit attempts before achieving long-term abstinence. Both behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy while using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products, varenicline, or bupropion are effective treatments when used individually, but they are most effective when combined. In a meta-analysis including 19 488 people who smoked cigarettes, the combination of medication and behavioral counseling was associated with a quit rate of 15.2% over 6 months compared with a quit rate of 8.6% with brief advice or u...

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Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Use

Cited by 70 publications

References 159 publications

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes

2019: Recommendations for Reducing Tobacco Consumption in Portuguese-Speaking Countries - Positioning of the Federation of Portuguese Language Cardiology Societies

Treatment of Tobacco Smoking

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