Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis: Recommendations by the American Heart Association

Dajani, Adnan S.; Taubert, Kathryn A.; Wilson, Walter R.; Bolger, Ann F.; Bayer, Arnold S.; Ferrieri, Patricia; Gewitz, Michael H.; Shulman, Stanford T.; Nouri, Soraya; Newburger, Jane W.; Hutto, Cecilia; Pallasch, Thomas J.; Gage, Tommy W.; Levison, Matthew E.; Peter, Georges; Zuccaro, Gregory

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1997.0375

Cited by 252 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Such bacteremia is a potential cause of infective endocarditis (bacterial endocarditis) in patients with congenital or acquired cardiac anomalies, and in these instances the infection can be life-threatening [1][2][3][4] . It is therefore recommended that 'at-risk' patients receiving procedures that could induce bacteremias should receive prophylactic treatment [1][2][3][4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore recommended that 'at-risk' patients receiving procedures that could induce bacteremias should receive prophylactic treatment [1][2][3][4] . The American Heart Association (AHA) and the British Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) provide guidelines regarding prophylactic antibiotic prescription for dental surgical procedures such as tooth extraction, periodontal surgery, dental implant replacement and endodontic surgery 1,2 . However, in situations of oral and maxillofacial surgery, surgical procedures performed are generally more extensive and invasive, and surgical treatment for non-odontogenic diseases are also required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in situations of oral and maxillofacial surgery, surgical procedures performed are generally more extensive and invasive, and surgical treatment for non-odontogenic diseases are also required. Although the guidelines for prophylactic treatment in oral and maxillofacial surgery should contribute to the prevention of infective endocarditis, scientific data is not available and consequently the prophylaxis for the surgery is empirically performed 1 . Data concerning the incidence and nature of bacteremia resulting from individual surgical procedures would be important in assessing the need for prophylaxis and choice of antimicrobial regimen 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures

Takai

Kuriyama

Yanagisawa

et al. 2005

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

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Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures. Methods.A total of 237 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery were included in this study. Blood samples were obtained for bacteriological examination immediately after the essential steps of the surgical procedure had been performed.Results. Bacteremia was detected in patients who underwent surgery for tumor, infection and trauma, and surgical reconstruction of jaw. In particular, decortication for osteomyelitis and tooth extraction resulted in a higher incidence of bacteremia compared with other surgical procedures. The incidence of bacteremia was not affected by oral hygiene, gingival inflammation, blood loss and duration of surgery. Furthermore, concerning tooth extraction, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of bacteremia with respect to the number of teeth extracted and the method of extraction.Extraction of teeth with odontogenic infection (periodontitis, periapical infection and pericoronitis) did however produce a significantly increased incidence of bacteremia compared with infection-free teeth (P<0.01).Viridans streptococci were the predominant group of bacteria isolated from the bacteremias. Conclusion.Oral and maxillofacial surgery involving trans-oral incision produces bacteremia, regardless of the extent and degree of surgical invasion. In particular, surgical procedure at infected sites is more likely to result in bacteremia compared with infection-free sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures

Takai

Kuriyama

Yanagisawa

et al. 2005

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

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“…3 Although the risk of endocarditis in patients with mild or moderate aortic regurgitation has not been formally evaluated, the Food and Drug Administration includes mild or greater aortic regurgitation in its definition of valvular heart disease. 4 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Severe aortic regurgitation can lead to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, but even mild aortic regurgitation may put patients at risk for endocarditis. 3,4 Thus, knowledge of aortic regurgitation is important for treatment (e.g., endocarditis prophylaxis) even if the patient is asymptomatic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systolic murmur is a common presentation of aortic regurgitation detected by echocardiography

Heidenreich¹,

Schnittger²,

Hancock³

et al. 2004

Clinical Cardiology

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SummaryBackground: The finding of aortic regurgitation at a classical examination is a diastolic murmur.Hypothesis: Aortic regurgitation is more likely to be associated with a systolic than with a diastolic murmur during routine screening by a noncardiologist physician.Methods: In all, 243 asymptomatic patients (mean age 42 ± 10 years) with no known cardiac disease but at risk for aortic valve disease due to prior mediastinal irradiation (≥ 35 Gy) underwent auscultation by a noncardiologist followed by echocardiography. A systolic murmur was considered benign if it was grade ≤ II/VI, not holosystolic, was not heard at the apex, did not radiate to the carotids, and was not associated with a diastolic murmur.Results: Of the patients included, 122 (49%) were male, and 86 (35%) had aortic regurgitation, which was trace in 20 (8%), mild in 52 (21%), and moderate in 14 (6%). A systolic murmur was common in patients with aortic regurgitation, occurring in 12 (86%) with moderate, 26 (50%) with mild, 6 (30%) with trace, and 27 (17%) with no aortic regurgitation (p < 0.0001). The systolic murmurs were classified as benign

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A Prospective Evaluation of the Incidence of Complications Associated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery

Cook

Perone²

2003

Arch Dermatol

190

128

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Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis: Recommendations by the American Heart Association

Cited by 252 publications

References 35 publications

Incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures

Incidence and bacteriology of bacteremia associated with various oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures

A systolic murmur is a common presentation of aortic regurgitation detected by echocardiography

A Prospective Evaluation of the Incidence of Complications Associated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery

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