Prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice: The Joint British Societies' (JBS 2) guidelines

Jessani, Shahirose; Watson, Timothy; Cappuccio, Francesco P.; Lip, Gregory Y.H.

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1002058

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similar comparisons were made for the local group between baseline and the subsequent 1 year appointment; in this instance this included BP measurements, total cholesterol and lipid levels, as well as calculation of the following CV risk scores: Framingham 10-year score (based on age, total and HDL cholesterol, smoking, and systolic BP), Joint British Societies (JBS2, based on age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, total and HDL cholesterol, and systolic BP) CV score (13,14), and ASSIGN (based on age, gender, history of DM, CVD, or RA, smoking, total and HDL cholesterol, and systolic BP) risk score (15). An online calculator has been used to produce each CV risk-score (http://cvrisk.mvm.ed.ac.uk/) and exhaustive details regarding the precise models used for these validated risk-scores have been published elsewhere (13,14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm are at Significant Risk of Cardiovascular Events and this Risk is not Addressed Sufficiently

Bath¹,

Saratzis²,

Saedon³

et al. 2017

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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Previous data suggest that patients with small AAA have a high risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity. The recent implementation of the NHS AAA screening programme (NAAASP) and similar programmes elsewhere has led to several individuals being diagnosed with small AAA, yet addressing their CV risk-factors is still not formalised clinical practice within screening programmes. The precise contemporary CV risk-profiles of these patients also remain unknown. Our findings suggest that despite recent advances in CV prevention in highrisk populations, the management of patients with small AAA remains suboptimal. Better CVprotection should be offered and monitored during surveillance. ABSTRACTBackground: Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are at significant-risk of

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm are at Significant Risk of Cardiovascular Events and this Risk is not Addressed Sufficiently

Bath¹,

Saratzis²,

Saedon³

et al. 2017

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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“…Although there is strong evidence to support generic public health preventive interventions for cardiovascular morbidity through reducing obesity, more research is urgently required to unravel the intricacies of the relationship between BMI and blood pressure. Based on the determination of specific relationships and possible pathophysiological mechanisms it is plausible to replace the current generic preventive interventions (as featured in contemporary cardiovascular prevention guidelines 20 ) with more cost-effective approaches targeting vulnerable populations exposed to the maximum NCD risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and blood pressure: where are we now?

Mufunda

2006

J Hum Hypertens

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The high prevalence rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) -particularly hypertension -in developing countries is gaining much attention. High disease burden in those environs has been consistent with the global projections of burden of disease from 1990 to 2020. 1 However, there is limited published information on NCD prevalence rates and related risk factors using the WHO STEPwise approach in developing countries.In the current issue of the Journal of Human Hypertension, Tesfaye et al. 2 report findings from surveys conducted in three countries in geoecologically diverse socio-demographic settings. Blood pressures and hypertension prevalence rates were much higher in men than in women, consistent with previous results demonstrating gender dichotomy in blood pressure, with higher pressures seen in men. The prevalence rates of the other NCD risk factors, such as tobacco use and alcohol consumption, were also much higher in men than in women.Of interest, a significant correlation was demonstrated between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressures in all the three populations, suggesting that BMI contributed to the reported hypertension prevalence rates. BMI was classified into underweight (o18.5 kg/m 2 ), normal BMI (18.5XBMIo 25 kg/m 2 ) and overweight or obese (BMIX25 kg/m 2 ) people. The strongest correlation was observed in Indonesia men and women, whereas the weakest correlation was reported among the Ethiopian women followed by the Ethiopian men. Distribution of mean systolic blood pressures across the full range of BMI quintiles in the three populations reveals that blood pressures begin to rise at lower BMI quintiles in high BMI populations compared with lean populations. Further, it was in the high BMI populations that high blood pressures were reported in the low BMI ranges. Based on the presence of high blood pressures in both underweight and overweight population subsets and the relatively low blood pressures in the normal range BMI range, the authors concluded that the blood pressure to BMI relationship was U or J shaped.Previous reports have described diverse hypertension prevalence rates and blood pressure distribution patterns in different settings but the blood pressure relationship with indices of obesity has largely been consistent including in urbanizationrelated hypertension and in populations in lifestyle transition. 3 Some conflicting results have been reported on the epidemiology of hypertension with the majority reporting increased hypertension rates in urban compared with rural settings, a phenomenon termed 'urbanization-related hypertension', 4 whereas a few have reported a decrease or no change in rates. 5 Although the majority of the population samples came from the rural environment in the three populations (100% from Vietnam, 90.3% in Indonesia and 70.3% in Ethiopia), the hypertension prevalence rates were higher in the urban areas where samples were studied. Indeed, urbanizationrelated hypertension has largely been attributed to increased psycho-social stress and to the contribut...

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“…In the mean time, we could celebrate its availability and discuss its advantages with our patients and/or formulary committees, or the place of this agent in current cardiovascular risk management or hypertension treatment guidelines. 17,18 …”

Section: Population Exposure Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%