Prevention of infective endocarditis: Guidelines from the American Heart Association

Wilson, Walter R.; Taubert, Kathryn A.; Gewitz, Michael H.; Lockhart, Peter B.; Baddour, Larry M.; Levison, Matthew E.; Bolger, Ann F.; Cabell, Christopher H.; Takahashi, Masato; Baltimore, Robert S.; Newburger, Jane W.; Strom, Brian L.; Tani, Lloyd Y.; Gerber, Michael A.; Bonow, Robert O.; Pallasch, Thomas J.; Shulman, Stanford T.; Rowley, Anne H.; Burns, Jane C.; Ferrieri, Patricia; Gardner, Timothy; Goff, David C.; Durack, David T.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0346

Cited by 300 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

113

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In era 3, the underlying heart conditions of the subjects were further characterized by hemodynamic status (acyanotic vs cyanotic) at the time of the diagnosis of IE, by the need for antibiotic prophylaxis for IE as currently recommended [37], and by the level of risk for IE (high, moderate, negligible) [10]. Examples of high-risk lesions for IE are prosthetic heart valves, a history of IE, complex cyanotic congenital heart disease, and surgically constructed systemic pulmonary shunts or conduits [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis at a Children’s Hospital Over Seven Decades

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study sought to determine whether improvements in the care of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have changed the epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE). A retrospective study of patients 18 years of age and younger treated for IE from 1992 to 2004 (era 3) was conducted at the authors' children's hospital in New York City. This study was compared with two previous studies conducted at the same hospital from 1930 to 1959 (era 1) and from 1977 to 1992 (era 2). During the three eras, IE was diagnosed for 205 children with a median age of 8 years during eras 1 and 2, which decreased to 1.5 years during era 3, partly because of IE after cardiac surgery for young infants. In era 3, nonstreptococcal and nonstaphylococcal pathogens associated with hospital-acquired IE increased. Complications from IE declined during era 3, but after the widespread availability of antibiotics in 1944, crude mortality rates were similar in eras 1 (32%), 2 (21%), and 3 (24%). However, in era 3, mortality occurred only among subjects with hospitalacquired IE. The epidemiology of pediatric IE has changed in the modern era. Currently, IE is Conflicts of interest statementThe authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptPediatr Cardiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 August 1. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript most likely to occur among young children with complex congenital heart disease. Pediatric IE remains associated with high crude mortality rates when it is acquired in the hospital. KeywordsCongenital heart disease; Endocarditis; Pediatrics Infective endocarditis (IE) in children is relatively rare but causes significant morbidity and mortality when it occurs. Several case series have demonstrated that the epidemiology of pediatric IE has changed in parallel with advances in medical care [1,2,12,15,20,25,34]. As the incidence of rheumatic fever has declined in developed countries due to reduction in overcrowded living conditions and improvements in diagnosis and care of pharyngitis caused by group A streptococci [26,28], the importance of rheumatic heart disease as an underlying risk factor for pediatric IE has substantially decreased. Surgical advances for children with congenital heart disease (CHD), including the introduction of bioprosthetic or synthetic materials, have improved the outcomes and life expectancy of such children, thereby increasing the number of children at risk for IE [2,9,18].The increased use of central venous catheters (CVCs) among hospitalized children, including premature infants, also has expanded the pediatric population at risk for IE [18]. Finally, the escalating complexity of hospitalized patients coupled with the use of broadspectrum antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms causing hospital-acquired endocarditis [17,18].Our children's hospital serves as a referral center for infants and children with CHD. Two previous case series have described the epidemiolo...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis at a Children’s Hospital Over Seven Decades

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For survivors with a history of infective endocarditis, cardiac transplant with valvulopathy, or prosthetic heart valves, antibiotics are recommended prior to procedures that involve the perforation of the mucosa or manipulation of gingival tissue or periapical region of the teeth [96]. Brain tumor survivors with ventriculoartrial, ventriculocardiac, or ventriculovenous shunts for hydrocephalus also require prophylaxis; however, it is not recommended for those with ventriculoperitoneal shunts or non-valvular devices [97].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral and dental late effects in survivors of childhood cancer: a Children’s Oncology Group report

Effinger¹,

Migliorati²,

Hudson³

et al. 2014

Support Care Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Multi-modality therapy has resulted in improved survival for childhood malignancies. The Children’s Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancers provide practitioners with exposure- and risk-based recommendations for the surveillance and management of asymptomatic survivors who are at least 2 years from completion of therapy. This review outlines the pathophysiology and risks for oral and dental late effects in pediatric cancer survivors and the rationale for oral and dental screening recommended by the Children’s Oncology Group. Methods An English literature search for oral and dental complications of childhood cancer treatment was undertaken via MEDLINE and encompassed January 1975 to January 2013. Proposed guideline content based on the literature review was approved by a multi-disciplinary panel of survivorship experts and scored according to a modified version of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network “Categories of Consensus” system. Results The Children’s Oncology Group oral-dental pan el selected 85 relevant citations. Childhood cancer therapy may impact tooth development, salivary function, craniofacial development, and temporomandibular joint function placing some childhood cancer survivors at an increased risk for poor oral and dental health. Addition ally, head and neck radiation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation increase the risk of subsequent ma lignant neoplasms in the oral cavity. Survivors require routine dental care to evaluate for potential side effects and initiate early treatment. Conclusions Certain childhood cancer survivors are at an increased risk for poor oral and dental health. Early identification of oral and dental morbidity and early interventions can optimize health and quality of life.

show abstract

“…The second section contained questions focusing on dental procedures that did or did not require endocarditis prophylaxis with three choices. The questions in the third section included questions regarding the latest endocarditis prophylaxis regimens recommended by the AHA in 2007 with four choices 14,15. In this questionnaire, we used questions from other studies16,17 in addition to some other questions about references for information and the percent of IE that is related to dental procedures (consisting of 31 closed questions in total).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of General Dentists and Senior Dental Students in Iran about Prevention of Infective Endocarditis

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the endothelial surface of the heart and heart valves with serious, even fatal, complications and that often requires long-term and expensive treatment. Dental procedures may lead to IE in high-risk patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the knowledge of general dentists and dental students concerning the prevention of IE in Hamadan, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, the awareness of general dentists and dentistry students concerning the prevention of IE was evaluated during 2010. A questionnaire was prepared and administered to 58 final-year dental students and 96 general dental practitioners in Hamadan. A total of 154 persons completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of some demographic questions and questions about awareness of IE in three sections. The gathered data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and independent t-tests. The gathered data showed that dentistry students answered the questions about awareness of the prevention of IE more correctly than did general dentists. The overall knowledge of endocarditis prophylaxis among students and dentists was about 65% and 56%, respectively. The students' knowledge was better because 94.9% of the students had desired (acceptable) and relatively desired knowledge; this result for dentists, however, was 82.3%. In our study, the overall awareness level of the study population was moderate. Dentist and students believed that patients with prosthetic valves and previous IE were the most common cardiac disease cases that required prophylaxis. The most common prophylactic regimen was in accordance with the guidelines of the American Heart Association and was a single dose of 2 g amoxicillin 1 hour before treatment. The results indicated that gender had no effect on the level of knowledge; however, there was a statistically significant relationship between age and level of knowledge.

show abstract

Prevention of infective endocarditis: Guidelines from the American Heart Association

Cited by 300 publications

References 125 publications

The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis at a Children’s Hospital Over Seven Decades

The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis at a Children’s Hospital Over Seven Decades

Oral and dental late effects in survivors of childhood cancer: a Children’s Oncology Group report

Knowledge of General Dentists and Senior Dental Students in Iran about Prevention of Infective Endocarditis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About