Prevention of Influenza Pandemic by Multiple Control Strategies

Ullah, Roman; Zaman, Gul; Islam, Saeed

doi:10.1155/2012/294275

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Prevention of influenza pandemic making use of multiple control functions is presented by Ullah et al (2012). They characterized the optimal control and compute the numerical solution using Pontryagin's maximum principle of the optimality system by using an iterative method.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology intervention for preventing COVID-19 outbreak

Pandey

Litoriya

2021

ITP

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PurposeThe purpose for writing this article is derived from the misery and chaos prevalent in the world due to the coronavirus pandemic – since late 2019 and still continuing as of December 2020.Design/methodology/approachA blockchain-based solution to verify the country visit trail and disease and treatment history of the passengers who arrive at the immigration counters located at various national borders and entry points is proposed. A fuzzy inference based suspect identifier system is also presented in this article that could be utilized to make further decisions based on the degree of suspicion observed on a particular passenger.FindingsThis paper attempted to put forth a blockchain-based system which consumes the healthcare and visit trail summary of a passenger (appearing for an interview before an immigration officer) and forwards it to a fuzzy inference system to reach to a conclusion that the passenger should be advised to self-quarantine, detained, or should be allowed to enter. Such a system would help to make correct decisions at the immigration counters to check pandemic diseases, like COVID-19, right at the entry points.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications of this work are manifold. First, the proposed framework works independent of the type of pandemic and is a readymade tool to check the spread of disease through infected human carriers. Second, the proposed framework will keep the mortality rates under check, which would give ample time for the authorities to save the lives of the people with co-morbidities and age vulnerabilities (Vichitvanichphong et al., 2018). Third, it is a general phenomenon to restrict the flights from the country where the first few cases of infection are discovered; however, the infected person, at the same time, might travel through alternative routes. The blockchain-enabled proposed framework ensures the detection of such cases at no other cost. Finally, the solution may appear costly in the first place, but it has the potential to hold back the revenue of the countries that would otherwise be spent on reactive measures.Originality/valueAs of now no other study or research article provides the solution to the biggest problem persists in the world in this way. The contribution is original and worth applying.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology intervention for preventing COVID-19 outbreak

Pandey

Litoriya

2021

ITP

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“…In order to find an optimal solution of the system, first we should find the Lagrangian for the optimal control problem (1)-(2) [12,13]. The Lagrangian of the control problem is given by…”

Section: Rumor Model With Three Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control Strategies Depending on Interest Level for the Spread of Rumor

Jeong

Kim

Jung

2018

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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Many media channels such as broadcast, newspaper, and social networks diffuse a variety of information which can cause spread of many rumors. There are social damage and economic damage due to the spread of rumors. Thus one needs to establish strategies for controlling the rumors. We first propose rumor model with three control strategies for preventing the spread of rumor, (1) announcing the truth before ignorant receives rumor, (2) punishing spreaders, and (3) deleting information of the rumor in media, and consider optimal control problems to minimize the number of spreaders while minimizing the cost of three control strategies for preventing the spread of rumors. The analysis of optimal control problems is conducted as Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Furthermore, adapted optimal control is performed to investigate the effect of three controls under isoperimetric constraints. By using numerical simulations, we compare the number of spreaders before and after applying the three controls and confirm when and how each control should be applied with respect to the interest level of rumor. The lower the interest level of rumor is, the greater the number of spreaders drops after the three controls are applied. In terms of timing of three controls, control (1) should be applied in the early stage of rumor spreading and control (2) is required when the rumors spread the most. After the rumors spread the most, control (3) is needed. Commonly the higher the interest level is, the more controls (1) and (2) are required. On the other hand, control (3) is needed a lot when the interest level is low.

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“…The optimal strategy is obtained by solving the state system, the adjoint system, and the transversality conditions. We use Forward-Backward method [ 18 – 21 ] to solve the optimal system.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Treatment Strategy for a Tumor Model under Immune Suppression

Kim

Cho

Jung

2014

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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We propose a mathematical model describing tumor-immune interactions under immune suppression. These days evidences indicate that the immune suppression related to cancer contributes to its progression. The mathematical model for tumor-immune interactions would provide a new methodology for more sophisticated treatment options of cancer. To do this we have developed a system of 11 ordinary differential equations including the movement, interaction, and activation of NK cells, CD8+T-cells, CD4+T cells, regulatory T cells, and dendritic cells under the presence of tumor and cytokines and the immune interactions. In addition, we apply two control therapies, immunotherapy and chemotherapy to the model in order to control growth of tumor. Using optimal control theory and numerical simulations, we obtain appropriate treatment strategies according to the ratio of the cost for two therapies, which suggest an optimal timing of each administration for the two types of models, without and with immunosuppressive effects. These results mean that the immune suppression can have an influence on treatment strategies for cancer.

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Prevention of Influenza Pandemic by Multiple Control Strategies

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Technology intervention for preventing COVID-19 outbreak

Technology intervention for preventing COVID-19 outbreak

Optimal Control Strategies Depending on Interest Level for the Spread of Rumor

Optimal Treatment Strategy for a Tumor Model under Immune Suppression

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