Prevention of Lactogenic Toxocara cati Infections in Kittens by Application of an Emodepside/Praziquantel Spot-on (Profender®) to the Pregnant Queen

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an emodepside 2.1 % (w/v)/praziquantel 8.6 % (w/v) topical solution (Profender ® spot-on for cats) in the prevention of lactogenic Toxocara cati infections. A controlled test was performed with two groups of 8 cats with confirmed pregnancy. All cats were infected with daily doses of 2000 T. cati eggs for 10 consecutive days starting 50 days post conception to produce an acute infection. Treatment was performed 60 days post conception. Queens in the treatment group received the emodepside/praziquantel solution at the minimum therapeutic dose (3 mg/kg emodepside and 12 mg/kg praziquantel), while the control group was treated with a placebo spot-on. Efficacy was evaluated 56 days post partum by necropsy of one randomly selected kitten of each litter and comparison of the worm burdens between the study groups. Additionally the necropsy results were supported by quantification of worms expelled with the faeces after deworming of the remaining kittens and all queens. The treatment in late pregnancy resulted in an efficacy of 98.7 % (p < 0.0001). All necropsied control kittens were infected (geometric mean 30.6). Seven of 8 kittens from treated mothers were free of T. cati (geometric mean 0.4). Worm counts after deworming reflected the results obtained at necropsy. No side effects of the treatment were observed. It is concluded that treatment with an emodepside/praziquantel spot-on solution during late pregnancy effectively prevents lactogenic transmission of T. cati to the offspring. The study design facilitated the generation of reliable data, while at the same time a minimum number of animals was sacrificed. S176EndoparasitEs

Pilot study evaluating the efficacy of a topical formulation containing emodepside and praziquantel in the treatment of natural feline troglostrongylosis

“…In another study the product was applied to kittens at 4 weeks of age, without any adverse effects being reported [23]. If one considers the frequent vertical transmission of T. brevior , this product could be potentially used to prevent potential lactogenic infection in kitten litters [8], because the formulation is safe in pregnant and lactating queens and effective in the prevention of the vertical transmission of Toxocara cati [23, 24].…”

Efficacy of two topical combinations containing emodepside plus praziquantel, and emodepside plus praziquantel plus tigolaner, for the treatment of troglostrongylosis in experimentally infected cats

“…The life-threatening potential of troglostrongylosis acquired vertically from the queen to the litter calls for further studies aiming at evaluating the efficacy of emodepside contained in Profender® and/or Felpreva® in interrupting the development of T. brevior from the infectious L3 to adulthood in kittens and young cats. For instance, Profender® has been already proven efficacious in preventing the vertical transmission of Toxocara cati from queen to kittens ( Wolken et al., 2009 ; Böhm et al., 2015 ).…”