Prevention of Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Prebiotics and Probiotics VS Control by Antibiotics, in Vivo Study

Eid, Samah; Atfehy, Nayera M. El; Amer, Fatma; Tolba, Hala N.; Hamed, Rehab I.

doi:10.5455/ajvs.76994

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The approaches studied to date variously rely on the positive modulation of the host immune response, improved intestinal barrier integrity, production of antimicrobials, pathogen inhibition and competitive exclusion. They include probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, short-chain fatty acids, plant extracts and essential oils [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-Free Culture Supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus AG01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AG02 Reduces the Pathogenicity of NetB-Positive Clostridium perfringens in a Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line

Kadekar,

Udrea,

Bak

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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The worldwide reduction in the use of antibiotics in animal feed is fueling the need for alternatives for the prevention and control of poultry intestinal diseases such as necrotic enteritis (NE), which is caused by Clostridium perfringens. This is the first report on the use of an intestinal epithelial chicken cell line (CHIC-8E11) to study the pathogenic traits of C. perfringens and to investigate the mode of action of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus AG01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AG02 in reducing the pathogenicity of C. perfringens. The cell adhesion, permeability and cytotoxicity were assessed under challenge with four C. perfringens strains isolated from broiler NE episodes of differing geographical origin (CP1–UK; CP10–Sweden; 25037–CP01 and CP22–USA). All the C. perfringens strains could adhere to the CHIC-8E11 cells, with varying affinity (0.05–0.48% adhesion across the strains). The CFS from one out of two strains (CP22) increased the cell permeability (+4.5-fold vs. the control, p < 0.01), as measured by the fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD4) content, with NetB toxin implicated in this effect. The CFS from all the strains was cytotoxic against the CHIC-8E11 cells in a dose- and strain-dependent manner (cytotoxicity 23–62% across the strains when dosed at 50 µL/mL, as assessed by the MTT cell viability assay). Pre-treatment of the cells with CFS from B. animalis subsp. lactis AG02 but not L. acidophilus AG01 reduced the cell adhesion of three out of four C. perfringens strains (by 77–85% vs. the control, p < 0.001) and reduced the negative effect of two NetB-positive strains on the cell permeability. The CFS of both probiotics alleviated the cytotoxicity of all the C. perfringens strains, which was dependent on the dose. The results confirm the suitability of the CHIC-8E11 cell line for the study of host–pathogen cell interactions in the context of NE caused by C. perfringens and reveal a beneficial mode of action of B. animalis subsp. lactis AG02 in reducing C. perfringens cell adhesion and, together with L. acidophilus AG01, in reducing C. perfringens cytotoxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-Free Culture Supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus AG01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AG02 Reduces the Pathogenicity of NetB-Positive Clostridium perfringens in a Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line

Kadekar,

Udrea,

Bak

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…Poultry producers are tasked with maintaining and improving growth performance, yields, and feed efficiency in the face of increasing intestinal health challenges, including those that result from NE (3,4). Alternatives to antibiotics for NE prevention or reduction include probiotics (5), prebiotics (6), and organic acids (7). These have been marketed for several years and can benefit the host in a variety of ways, including modulating the immune response, improving intestinal barrier integrity, producing substances with antimicrobial properties, and inhibiting pathogens via direct inhibition or competitive exclusion (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Varying Impact of Necrotic Enteritis Using Performance and Health Indicators in Broiler Infection Models

van der Klein,

Evans,

Marchal

et al. 2023

Avian Diseases

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Necrotic enteritis (NE) continues to be a significant burden to the poultry industry, compounded by pressure to reduce antibiotic use. Researchers use NE-challenge models to study the infection biology of NE and as screening tools to develop potential novel interventions. Currently, data are limited comparing such models between research establishments, and few indicate which quantitative metrics provide the most accurate measure for determining the efficacy of interventions. We compared data from 10 independent NE-challenge trials incorporating six challenge models employed in four geographical regions to determine the extent of variability in bird responses and to determine, using principal component analysis (PCA), which variables discriminated most effectively between nonchallenged control (NC) and challenged control (CC) groups. Response variables related to growth performance (weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion), health (mortality, lesion scores, NE induction rate), and, in three trials only, gut integrity (tight junction protein claudin-1, claudin-2, and zonula occludens-1 expression, coccidia counts, and intestinal permeability [assessed by FITC-dextran assay]). Treatments included a CC, which varied between trials (for example, in Eimeria predisposition, Clostridium perfringens strain, and days of inoculation), and a NC. The degree of response to challenge in CC birds varied significantly among models and trials. In all trials, lesion scores 1 to 4 days postchallenge were increased in CC vs. NC birds and varied both within and among models (by 0.29-1.17 points and 0.05-2.50 points, respectively). In addition, NE-related mortality at day 28 was increased in CC vs. NC, both within and among models (by 1.79%-4.72% and 0.02%-16.70%, respectively), and final (day 35 or 42) body weight was reduced by 3.9%-14.4% and overall FCR increased by up to 27% across trials (P , 0.05). A PCA on the combined dataset including only performance indicators failed to adequately differentiate NC and CC groups. However, the combination of performance and gut integrity variables and standardization of data by trial and phase achieved greater resolution between groups. This indicated that the inclusion of both types of variables in future NE-challenge studies would enable the generation of more robust predictions about intervention efficacy from different types of infection models. A final PCA based on a subset of key indicator variables, including body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and lesion score, achieved a good level of separation between NC and CC status of birds and could, with further research, be a useful supplement to existing approaches for assessing and predicting the NE status of birds in the field.

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“…Nutritional factors and coccidiosis are among the most important determinants of NE occurrence (Moore 2016;Bortoluzzi et al 2019;Bueno et al 2023). Among other factors, aflatoxins in the feed could enhance the NE occurrence (Samah et al 2020;Mehdizadeh et al 2021). Dietary levels of animal proteins and other cereal contents can affect necrotic enteritis incidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Clostridium Perfringens Infection and Marek’s Disease in Jordanian Broiler Chickens

2023

Int J Vet Sci

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Subclinical infections are common in the poultry industry such as Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis and Marek's disease. This study aims to determine the prevalence of subclinical necrotic enteritis caused by C. perfringens and Marek's disease. For C. Perfringens, 100 blood samples from 20 intensive poultry broiler farms were collected from June 2020 to September 2020 and analyzed. Upon examining intestinal samples, different degrees of intestinal lesions were noticed, which varied from normal to severe necrosis based on a 0 to 3 scoring system. The blood samples were investigated using an ELISA kit to detect the presence of antibodies against C. perfringens. Nonsignificant difference was noticed between the different farms and different lesion scores. The prevalence of C. perfringens in chickens in North Jordan flocks is 14.8%. A significant difference using the chi-square test (P=0.004) was noted between infected and non-infected farms. Certain farms showed limited cases (1-2 cases), while others showed higher infections. The prevalence of Marek's disease was investigated in Amman's municipality slaughterhouse and suspected broiler farms located in the Amman region by histopathology and ELISA. For the subclinical MD investigation, a total of 100 chickens from Amman's municipality slaughterhouse were examined where blood samples were tested for antibody presence by ELISA kit together with histopathology, for the clinical MD investigation, 100 chickens from 10 broiler farms were examined by histopathology and ELISA. Blood samples collected from clinical and subclinical cases and tested by ELISA showed a 70% prevalence of Marek's Disease. Of the tissues collected from the slaughterhouse, 30% of the liver samples (average age of 35 days) showed pathological changes. Microscopic examination of tissues showed pleomorphic cell proliferation in the spleen (23%) and liver (20%). It was concluded that clinical and subclinical forms of C. perfringens infections and Marek's disease is prevalent in Jordan.

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Prevention of Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Prebiotics and Probiotics VS Control by Antibiotics, in Vivo Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Cell-Free Culture Supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus AG01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AG02 Reduces the Pathogenicity of NetB-Positive Clostridium perfringens in a Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line

Cell-Free Culture Supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus AG01 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AG02 Reduces the Pathogenicity of NetB-Positive Clostridium perfringens in a Chicken Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line

Elucidating the Varying Impact of Necrotic Enteritis Using Performance and Health Indicators in Broiler Infection Models

Subclinical Clostridium Perfringens Infection and Marek’s Disease in Jordanian Broiler Chickens

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