Prevention of Relapse in Category I Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients With and Without Vitamin D3 Supplementation: A Double Blinded Randomized Control Clinical Trial

Sinha, Siddhartha; Thukral, Himanshu; Shareef, Imtiyaz; Dhooria, Sahajal; Behera, Debasis; Bala, S.; Sarin, R.; Singla, R.; Pandey, Rambha

doi:10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a4926

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“…Likewise, Wallis et al utilized ergocalciferol (5 mg on day 1, then 2.5 mg on day 28 and day 56) intervention or standard treatment alone (the control group) for PTB patients, discovered that the two treatments had no significant effect on positive culture status at 56 days or on the hazard ratio for stable culture conversion up to day 180 ( 37 ). Sinha et al exploited vitamin D 3 intervention (60,000 IU/sachet weekly for first 2 months, fortnightly for next 4 months followed by monthly for the next 18 months) or placebo in patients with PTB, found there is no significant difference in the time to sputum smear conversion between the two groups ( p = 0.358) and no significant difference in the time to culture conversion between the two groups ( p = 0.418) ( 34 ). In addition, Sinha et al further observed the relapse of PTB and obtained the result that there was not statistically significant between the two groups ( p = 0.29).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of vitamin D with HIV infected individuals, TB infected individuals, and HIV-TB co-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xie,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundVitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a worldwide disease. VDD is also associated with an increased risk of HIV-related comorbidities and mortality, and patients have a tendency to develop active tuberculosis compared to those with latent tuberculosis infection. Vitamin D supplementation may modulate HIV replication, improve TB inflammation and reduce progression of HIV-TB co-infection.MethodsWe meta-analyzed individual participant data from cohort studies, cross-sectional study, and RCTs of vitamin D in HIV group, TB group, and HIV-TB group. The primary outcomes were differences in vitamin D level and VDD prevalence between three groups, the secondary outcomes were CD4 count, HIV viral load, time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, morality, and TB score.ResultsFor vitamin D levels, the overall mean difference (MD) between HIV group and TB group was −0.21 (95% CI, −20.80–20.38; p = 0.9, I2 = 84%), HIV group and HIV-TB group was 0.87 (95% CI, −11.45–13.20; p = 0.89, I2 = 87%), and TB group and HIV-TB group was 1.17 (95% CI, −5.21–7.55; p = 0.72, I2 = 85%). For vitamin D deficiency prevalence, the overall odds ratio (OR) for HIV group versus TB group was 1.23 (95% CI, 0.46–3.31; p = 0.68; I2 = 70%), HIV group versus HIV-TB group was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.03–2.29; p = 0.04; I2 = 0%), and TB group versus HIV-TB group was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.61–1.20; p = 0.36; I2 = 22%). In HIV-TB group, the overall OR for vitamin D group versus placebo group was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.34–1.67; p = 0.52; I2 = 60%).ConclusionOur findings indicated that there were no variations in vitamin D levels between three groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in the HIV-TB group than in the HIV group. Additionally, the administration of vitamin D supplements did not have obvious impact on CD4 count and viral load. Likewise, vitamin D had no effect on time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, 12-month morality, and TB score.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Sinha et al further observed the relapse of PTB and obtained the result that there was not statistically significant between the two groups ( p = 0.29). For mortality (all-cause deaths), the data from Sinha et al showed no death was directly attributable to the study intervention ( 34 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%