Prevention of Vaginal Trichomoniasis by Compliant Use of the Female Condom

Soper, David E.; Shoupe, Donna; Shangold, Gary A.; Shangold, Mona M.; Gutmann, Jacqueline N.; Mercer, Lane J.

doi:10.1097/00007435-199305000-00003

Cited by 92 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…More data on the kinetics of serological responses to trichomonal antigens would be useful in this context. Whether detecting recent or past infection, T. vaginalis serology might be used in the validation of self-reported sexual behaviour data, and indeed, trichomoniasis has been used as an indicator of poor compliance with use of the female condom [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in Zimbabwe and patterns of association with HIV infection

et al. 2005

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SUMMARYSerological assays using dried blood spots from 5221 women in rural areas of eastern Zimbabwe were used to assess the epidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and its association with HIV. Antibodies to T. vaginalis and to HIV were detected by enzyme immunoassays. Behavioural and demographic data were collected by confidential questionnaires. In total, 516 (9 . 9 %) women were seropositive for T. vaginalis and seroprevalence increased with age among younger women. Divorced, widowed and single women were more likely to be seropositive. After controlling for age, seropositivity was significantly associated with being sexually active, having multiple sex partners, having a partner who had multiple sex partners, and having a new sex partner in the past year. Seropositivity was associated with a recent history of genital discharge. Overall, 208 (40 . 3%) T. vaginalis-positive samples were also positive for HIV, compared with 1106 (23 . 5%) T. vaginalis-negative samples (age and sex adjusted OR 2 . 11, 95 % CI 1 . 74-2 . 55, P<0 . 001). There was increased risk for being HIV-positive amongst T. vaginalis-seropositive women regardless of residence, employment or education. In a logistic regression controlling for common risk factors, the association remained significant. T. vaginalis-seropositive young women with a history of genital discharge were much more likely to be HIV-positive than women who were T. vaginalisseronegative and had no history of discharge (OR 6 . 08, 95% CI 2 . 95-12 . 53). Although a causal relationship cannot be assumed, detection and treatment of trichomoniasis may be important in strategies to reduce HIV transmission through sexually transmitted infection control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in Zimbabwe and patterns of association with HIV infection

et al. 2005

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“…A Medline key word search of "female condom" at press time resulted in a listing of 123 articles on various aspects of safety, acceptability, and efficacy. While the first two have been well established 38,39 and rigorous studies on the contraceptive efficacy of the female condom have been done, [40][41][42] data on the efficacy against STI are limited, 43,44 and more studies, especially those involving long-term follow up, are needed.…”

Section: Comparative Time Line Of the Tampon And Female Condom: Wherementioning

confidence: 99%

Female-Initiated Barrier Methods for the Prevention of STI/HIV: Where Are We Now? Where Should We Go?

Latka

2001

Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

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“…7 Soper et al assessed trichomoniasis re-infection and found that none of the women who used the female condom during each act of sexual intercourse were re-infected 45 days after treatment. 8 Though this finding offers compelling evidence of a protective effect of the female condom, the sample was small and the period of follow up was short. Women were given female condoms to use only if they thought they could be compliant users.…”

Section: Female Condomsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effectiveness of female controlled barrier methods in preventing sexually transmitted infections and HIV: current evidence and future research directions

Minnis

Padian²

2005

Sexually Transmitted Infections

101

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Objectives: To evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of female controlled physical and chemical barrier methods in preventing STI/HIV transmission, to examine recent reviews on microbicide development, and to highlight promising research directions. To discuss challenges in conducting effectiveness research and in translating results to public health intervention. Methods: Systematic review of articles that examined the disease prevention effectiveness of at least one female controlled barrier method. Review of conference abstracts that presented clinical and preclinical microbicide data. Results: Randomised controlled trials provide evidence that female condoms confer as much protection from STIs as male condoms. Observational studies suggest that the diaphragm protects against STI pathogens. Several microbicide effectiveness studies are under way and new directions, such as adaptation of therapeutic agents as preventive products, are being examined. Substantial attention is now given to product formulation and novel delivery strategies. Combining microbicide products with different mechanisms of action as well as combining chemical and physical barriers will be necessary to maximise prevention effectiveness. Conclusions: Increased investment in the development and identification of female controlled barrier methods offers promise that additional products will be available in the years ahead. Generalising trial results to a community setting, promoting products that may be less effective than male condoms, and bringing an effective product to scale introduce public health challenges that warrant attention. The need for female controlled barrier methods that provide women with the opportunity to take an active role in reducing their STI/HIV risk are urgently needed and constitute an essential tool to prevent continued spread of these infections.

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Prevention of Vaginal Trichomoniasis by Compliant Use of the Female Condom

Cited by 92 publications

References 3 publications

Seroepidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in Zimbabwe and patterns of association with HIV infection

Seroepidemiology of Trichomonas vaginalis in rural women in Zimbabwe and patterns of association with HIV infection

Female-Initiated Barrier Methods for the Prevention of STI/HIV: Where Are We Now? Where Should We Go?

Effectiveness of female controlled barrier methods in preventing sexually transmitted infections and HIV: current evidence and future research directions

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