Prevention. Part 7: Professionally applied topical fluorides for caries prevention

Influence of topical acidulated phosphate fluoride on surface roughness of human enamel and different restorative materials

“…The VF, TF, ZF, and EF groups were superficially treated with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (DFL, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil), pH 5, which was composed of sodium fluoride, cellulose, fluoridric acid, phosphoric acid, propylenoglicol, colorant, flavor, and deionized water. APF (1.23%) was applied for 4 min (14,15) immediately after the specimen preparation and again after a 24-hour period to simulate fluoride application twice a year (16). The fluoride excess was removed by a suction canula, and the specimens were kept in 5 mL of artificial saliva, pH 7 (Fig.…”

Preventive Oral Health Intervention for Pediatricians

“…PATFs are safe and efficacious, with varnishes having the advantage of adherence to the tooth surface, decreasing likelihood of ingestion, and increasing time of contact between the fluoride and tooth surface. 37,39 In the primary dentition, varnish effectiveness (measured by percent of caries reduction) ranges from 30% to 63.2%, 40,41 and an analysis of the number of fluoride-varnish applications received resulted in a dose-response effect that was enhanced when coupled with counseling. 42 Finally, self-administered fluorides, including dietary fluoride supplementation and fluoridated toothpaste, have proven effective, providing low but protracted elevation of fluoride concentrations.…”

“…39 PATFs include gel, foam, in-office rinse, and varnish. PATFs are safe and efficacious, with varnishes having the advantage of adherence to the tooth surface, decreasing likelihood of ingestion, and increasing time of contact between the fluoride and tooth surface.…”

Dental Hygiene Participation in Managing Incipient and Hidden Caries

“…Some of the reasons that fluoride varnishes have been so widely accepted in Europe include ease and safety of the procedure, convenience, and patient acceptance, which are the same reasons that fluoride varnishes appeal to dental hygienists. Additionally, from the dental hygienist's perspective when comparing the venues for administering a tray versus varnish application, the patient is at a reduced risk for fluoride overingestion, and the varnish is easier to apply [37]. The most common types of fluoride varnishes contain sodium fluoride.…”

“…The most common types of fluoride varnishes contain sodium fluoride. Duraphat (5.0% F) has been widely studied and a meta-analysis of eight clinical trials investigating the anticaries effect of this fluoride varnish revealed at 35% reduction in caries [37]. To date, there has only been one direct comparison of the effectiveness of fluoride varnish and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, and the fluoride varnish was determined to be as effective as gel for caries prevention [34].…”