Preventive and Rehabilitation Technologies of Primary Functional Disorders of the Arch of the Foot in Children 3–5 Years Old Based on Game Exercises With Football Elements

Abstract

Introduction. According to modern data of scientists, the arches of a person's foot are formed and changed during the ontogenetic development of his organism, but the most intensive period falls on the age range from the first years of life to 6–7 years. That is why, violations and deformations of the arch of the foot occupy one of the leading places among pre-morbid and pre-morbid conditions of the musculoskeletal system of preschool children. The aim of the study is to substantiate and develop preventive and rehabilitation technologies for primary functional disorders of the arch of the foot in children 3–5 years old based on game exercises with football elements. Materials and methods. Methods: analysis, generalization and systematization of data from scientific and methodical literature; clinical and pedagogical observations; podometry; testing the physical fitness of children 3–5 years old who are engaged in game exercises with elements of football; expert assessment of learning different ways of handling the ball by children 3–5 years old who are engaged in game exercises with elements of football with primary manifestations of functional disorders of the arch of the foot; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. Experimental studies were conducted in the period from February 2022 to April 2023 during. The contingent of participants is 38 children aged 3–5 years who are engaged in game exercises with elements of football. The research base is the children's and youth football «Cossack League», an associate member of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Football Association. Results. The preventive and rehabilitation technology of primary functional disorders of the arch of the foot in children 3–5 years old who are engaged in game exercises with elements of football is designed for a one-year macro cycle of training and was implemented on the basis of the children's and youth football «Cossack League», which is an associate member of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Football Association. The implementation of a complex program for the prevention of primary functional disorders of the arch of young football players 3–5 years old was carried out during the preparatory, main and final stages of the annual macrocycle of training. Experimental studies testify to the effectiveness of the developed technology. Conclusions. As the main means of preventive and rehabilitation technology for primary functional disorders of the arch of the foot in children 3–5 years old who are engaged in game exercises with elements of football, varieties of morning hygienic gymnastics, therapeutic gymnastics with the use of systematic physical exercises, training classes with the use of special therapeutic exercises of health and corrective orientation; massage procedures and orthopedic measures.