Preventive Approaches in Women's Neurology: Prepartum, Pregnancy, and Postpartum

Abstract

Women's neurology is the subspecialty within neurology concerned with the distinct healthcare needs of women. In this article, we review current literature and expert management strategies regarding disease-specific neurologic concerns of women, with an emphasis on issues related to contraception, pregnancy, and lactation. Health conditions that we discuss in this article include epilepsy, headache, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Chiari I malformation. Current findings on neurologic disease in women suggest that many women with neurologic disease can safely manage their disease during pregnancy and have healthy children, though pregnancy planning is important in many conditions to mitigate risks and effective contraceptive management is important when pregnancy prevention is desired.

Emerging Subspecialties in Neurology: Women's Neurology

“…5 Further examples include advancements in understanding risks associated with neurologic medications in pregnancy for diseases such as epilepsy, migraine, and multiple sclerosis, as well as how pregnancy course may influence neurologic health outcomes such as long-term stroke risks. 6,7 Similar efforts in education have contributed to the development of a women's neurology training curriculum at some centers, established fellowship programs, and a growing community of women's neurology practitioners within the American Academy of Neurology (AAN). National research institutes also recognize the importance of including sex and gender issues with the NIH establishing public statements and policies to address these needs.…”

“…Graduates of women's neurology training have published on gaps in neurology research and education and advancing best-evidence clinical practice for women's neurologic care. 3,6,10 A women's neurology specialist could follow numerous career possibilities including community, academic, or hybrid practice models. Community- or regional-based clinics with a focus on women's health have been established by women's neurology graduates across the United States.…”

“…5 Further examples include advancements in understanding risks associated with neurologic medications in pregnancy for diseases such as epilepsy, migraine, and multiple sclerosis, as well as how pregnancy course may influence neurologic health outcomes such as long-term stroke risks. 6,7 Similar efforts in education have contributed to the development of a women's neurology training curriculum at some centers, established fellowship programs, and a growing community of…”