Preventive Measures and Management of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) has been studied worldwide as part of device-related healthcare infection. CAUTI is one of the most commonly reported infections in the literature, which occurs during clinical practice in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and non-ICU departments. Many studies have covered the CAUTI rate in Saudi Arabia mainly in the ICU covering single or multiple hospitals as surveillance for device-related infections in the ICU. Few studies have conducted an interventional approach that examined the implementation of infection control protocols and then compared them to international practice as a standard. This review aims to explore the literature to provide insight into the infection control practices that have been reported in Saudi Arabia during the last two decades on the preventive measures and clinical consequences of CAUTIs. Very few studies have recorded the pattern of resistant microorganisms that burdens clinical practice in ICUs concerning CAUTIs. Only one study compared the type of catheter materials and discussed the effect of these materials on reducing CAUTIs. It is essential to cover catheter utilization and to understand how a sufficient infection control protocol with educational programs for healthcare personnel can transform practice, for the better, regarding CAUTI rates in Saudi hospitals. There is a demand for more interventional and epidemiological studies on the causes and factors affecting the rate of CAUTI in the area. Studies may help reduce the CAUTI incidence rate, which consequently reduces the costs and morbidity associated with this type of infection and other healthcare-related infections.

Impact of Implementing Key Performance Indicators on Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Rates Among Adult ICU Patients in Saudi Arabia

“…Sterile insertion, locked drainage systems, and appropriate maintenance are recommended to prevent CAUTIs. 12 , 13 The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests specific guidelines to prevent CAUTIs. These include using a locked drainage system, inserting a catheter aseptically, and evaluating the patient on a daily basis.…”

Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…It is estimated that infections in acute care units in hospitals represent more than 30% of annual infections [ 2 ]. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are the most common hospital-acquired infections related to invasive devices [ 3 ], followed by catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) [ 4 ].…”

“…During hospitalization, indwelling urethral catheters account for about 80% of urinary tract infections [ 3 ]. However, catheter placement is not the main reason for the development of UTIs.…”

Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…It is estimated that infections in acute care units in hospitals represent more than 30% of annual infections [2]. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are the most common hospital-acquired infections related to invasive devices [3], followed by catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) [4].…”

“…During hospitalization, indwelling urethral catheter accounts for about 80% of urinary tract infections [3]. For each patient, the test result and frequency of a urinary tract infection can differ significantly, depending on age, comorbidities, and socioeconomic status.…”