Preventive Medicine in Medical Schools

Whayne, Tom F.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1961.10663027

Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal

1961

DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1961.10663027

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Preventive Medicine in Medical Schools

Tom F. Whayne

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1965

1985

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Cited by 5 publications

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“…Conversely, the need may de¬ crease if the United States extricates itself from some of its present commitments. In either event, 19491950195119521953195419551956195719581959196019611962Yr to 1950to 1951to 1952to 1953to 1954to 1955to 1956to 1957to 1958to 1959to 1960to 1961to 19621953to 1954to 1955to 1956to 1957to 1958to 1959to 1960to 1961to 1962to 195419551956195719581959196019611962195419551956195719581959196019611962to 1955to 1956…”

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Development of Residency Training in Preventive Medicine

Hume¹

1966

JAMA

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time there were 1,776 positions offered. Table 1 shows the growth of such programs in relation to the numbers of medical schools, medical graduates, internships offered, and residencies offered for selected years. These figures emphasize the modernity of residency programs and demonstrate certain landmarks and trends in the education of physicians. The major points of interest are perhaps the following:1. The sharp decline in the number of medical schools and graduates between 1905 and 1920\p=m-\reflectingthe revolution in medical education resulting in the development of university medical schools and the disappearance of the proprietary schools, starting at the turn of the cen¬ tury and made inevitable by the influential Flexner Report.2 2. The relatively inadequate number of internships available in 1920, though representing a great improve¬ ment over the situation in 1914, when internships were first listed in The Journal.3. The first listing of residency positions available in 1927-a marked contrast to the 1965 listing, which demon¬ strates what appears to be a never-ending expansion of these opportunities, paralleling an increasing specializa¬ tion, an increasing demand by individuals for advanced training, and an increasing demand by hospitals for spe¬ cialized house officers. 4. The remarkably slow growth in the number of medi¬ cal schools and graduates over the past 40 years.It is of interest that in the 1964-to-1965 period, of the 12,728 internships offered, only 10,097 were filled, and of these, 2,821 were filled by graduates of foreign medical schools. The figures for residency programs in the same year were 38,750, 31,005, and 8,153, respectively (Table 2).Early Developments in Graduate Training Graduate training in the general area of preven¬ tive medicine is, to all intents and purposes, a de¬ velopment of the past 50 years, and residency pro¬ grams have been available for only approximately 15 years. This is hardly surprising since in the 1961-to-1962 period there were several medical schools (15%) with no departments in this area, and, for those existing, 21 designations were em¬ ployed.3 There have been many expositions of the vicissitudes attendant upon the development of suitable training programs in this field of medi¬ cine,3 and while there have been isolated examples of imaginative and excellent programs for under¬ graduate medical students, it has been only in the past 10 to 15 years that there have developed an appreciable number of excellent or even reasonably strong departments.A somewhat mitigating factor was the develop¬ ment of the schools of public health.

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Development of Residency Training in Preventive Medicine

Hume¹

1966

JAMA

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The teaching of preventive medicine in American medical schools, 1940–1980

Barker

Jonas

1981

Preventive Medicine

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Preventive Medicine in Medical Education

Ellis¹

1965

N Engl J Med

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Preventive Medicine in Medical Schools

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Development of Residency Training in Preventive Medicine

Development of Residency Training in Preventive Medicine

The teaching of preventive medicine in American medical schools, 1940–1980

Preventive Medicine in Medical Education

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