Preventive or Potential Therapeutic Value of Nutraceuticals against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in  Exposed Subjects and Frequent Fliers

Giardi, Maria Teresa; Touloupakis, Eleftherios; Bertolotto, Delfina; Mascetti, Gabriele

doi:10.3390/ijms140817168

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(169 reference statements)

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“…Both vitamin E and selenium, as well as their combination, have been reported to reduce radiation-induced transformations in vitro [49][50][51][52][53]. Vitamins C and E have been shown to decrease chromosomal damage, mutations and apoptosis in mammalian cells, and vitamin A and N-acetylcysteine have been suggested to be effective against radiationinduced carcinogenesis [50].…”

Section: • • Naturally Occurring Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Because of their radical scavenging abilities, a number of naturally occurring vitamins and dietary antioxidants have been tested for their efficacy as radioprotectors [49]. Both vitamin E and selenium, as well as their combination, have been reported to reduce radiation-induced transformations in vitro [49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: • • Naturally Occurring Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioprotective Agents for Radiation Therapy: Future Trends

2014

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Only two radioprotective compounds, amifostine and palifermin, currently have the US FDA approval for use in radiation therapy. However, several agents have been reported that show therapeutic promise. Many of these agents are free radical scavengers/antioxidants. Superoxide dismutase and superoxide dismutase mimetics, nitroxides and dietary antioxidants are all being investigated. Recently, alternative strategies of drug development have been evolving, which focus on targeting the series of cellular insult recognition/repair responses initiated following radiation. These agents, which include cytokines/growth factors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and apoptotic modulators, show promise of having significant impact on the mitigation of radiation injury. Herein, we review current literature on the development of radioprotectors with emphasis on compounds with proven or potential usefulness in radiation therapy.

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Section: • • Naturally Occurring Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: • • Naturally Occurring Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotective Agents for Radiation Therapy: Future Trends

2014

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“…Organosulfur compounds are organic compounds that can be identified similar to their sulfur containing functional groups [70]. Vegetables such as onion, garlic, shallots etc.…”

Section: Organo Sulfur Compoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Hypermethylation in Tumor Suppressor Genes Using Phytochemicals in Cervical Cancer

Saloni¹,

Sharma²,

Mathur³

et al. 2019

EJMP

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Cervical cancer is most familiar neoplasm among women worldwide. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are common treatments, however high stage tumors have frequently poor prognosis. HPV 16 and 18 are major etiological factors for cervical cancer. Likewise, epigenetics is the study of inherited changes and modulated gene expression without alteration in DNA sequences. In mammals epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA. Phytochemicals are mainly contained in fruits, seeds, and vegetables as well as in foods supplements. Numerous dietary compounds exhibit potent anti-tumor activities through the reversion of epigenetic alterations associated to oncogenes activation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and HeLa, demethylation of the tumour suppressor genes such as RARβ2, MGMT, RASSF1A, DAPK etc. Reversal of hypermethylated genes as a tumor-suppressor gene, is related to inhibition of cell proliferation, development and differentiation. The impact of phytochemicals lead to the reversal of hypermethylation which may help to cure cervical cancer. This study concludes the effect of phytochemicals on genetic and epigenetic modifications and reveals how these modifications help to prevent various types of cancers and improve health outcomes.

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“…Organosulfur compounds are organic compounds which can be recognized according to their sulfur containing functional groups (54). The regular intake of organosulfur compounds imparts bioactive properties especially about cardiovascular health (37).…”

Section: Organosulfur Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: A Review of the Evidence

et al. 2017

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Context: Cancer generally is considered as a neoplastic disease with particular causative and etiologic factors as well as protective elements. Although it has remained difficult to treat, it is preventable. Recently, the interest in dietary phytochemicals intake has considerably increased for potential cancer chemoprevention.Evidence Acquisition: This report reviews the role of phytochemical consumption in cancer prevention based on publications from PubMed, Science direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus from the year 1996 onward using cancer, chemoprevention, phytochemical keywords.Results: Regular intake of phytochemicals has been demonstrated to prevent cancer during its different stages including initiation, promotion and progression. Considering the animal models, the second step is the main stage for cancer chemoprevention. Conclusions:The phytochemicals involved in chemoprevention can be categorized in different groups naming phenolics, carotenoid, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds. They are able to stop, postpone and reverse carcinogenesis by different mechanisms.

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Preventive or Potential Therapeutic Value of Nutraceuticals against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Exposed Subjects and Frequent Fliers

Cited by 27 publications

References 154 publications

Radioprotective Agents for Radiation Therapy: Future Trends

Radioprotective Agents for Radiation Therapy: Future Trends

Reversal of Hypermethylation in Tumor Suppressor Genes Using Phytochemicals in Cervical Cancer

Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: A Review of the Evidence

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