Preventive Therapy for Contacts of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract

Preventing the progression of a drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) infection to disease is an important pillar of the DR-TB elimination strategy. International guidelines have recently proposed fluoroquinolones for tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) in DR-TB contacts, although the available evidence is low quality. The pooled data from small observational studies suggest that a fluoroquinolone-based TPT is safe, effective and cost-effective as a preventive treatment in DR-TB contacts. Three clinical trials are currently ongoing to generate higher quality evidence on the efficacy of levofloxacin and delamanid as a DR-TB preventive therapy. Additional evidence is also needed, regarding TPT treatment in fluoroquinolone-resistant-TB contacts, patient and health care worker perceptions on DR-TB preventive therapy for contacts, and the service delivery models to increase DR-TPT access. This state-of-the-art review presents the current literature on TPT for contacts of DR-TB cases, focusing on the available evidence and international guidelines.

Pediatric Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: The Current and Future Prospects for Management and Prevention

“…TB preventive therapy will prevent the progression from DRTB infection to DRTB disease. The most vulnerable to such a progression are the household members of DRTB patients [40]. There are currently several ongoing trials for MDR TB preventive therapy in children.…”

The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pathogen diagnosis: a bibliometric analysis based on Web of Science

“…As a series of common and frequently occurring diseases, infectious diseases have always been a heavy burden to global health due to their high morbidity and mortality rate, especially in developing countries ( McArthur, 2019 ). First, some ancient infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), have plagued mankind for thousands of years, and a quarter of the global population is infected with MTB ( Kherabi et al., 2022 ). Additionally, some explosive epidemics, including seasonal influenza and COVID-19, have caused great losses in health, finances, and emotions ( Calabrò et al., 2022 ; Schäfer et al., 2022 ; Xie et al., 2022 ).…”