Previous Exposure to the World Trade Center Terrorist Attack and Posttraumatic Symptoms Among Older Adults Following Hurricane Sandy

Shrira, Amit; Palgi, Yuval; Hamama‐Raz, Yaira; Goodwin, Robin; Ben–Ezra, Menachem

doi:10.1521/psyc.2014.77.4.374

Cited by 87 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recent studies suggest that prevalence of hurricane-related PTSD is high among those impacted by Sandy. For instance, an online survey of 1,000 participants conducted one month post-Sandy found PTSD symptoms in 23.6% of persons from Sandy affected areas (Palgi et al, 2014), and PTSD symptoms were positively related to degree of Sandy exposure (Shrira, Palgi, Hamama-Raz, Goodwin, & Ben- Ezra, 2014). Another cross-sectional telephone survey of 200 adults conducted 6–8 months post-Sandy among individuals residing in communities along New Jersey’s coastline found that 14.5% of residents screened positive for PTSD; high Sandy exposure strongly predicted adverse mental health status (Boscarino et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, prior studies have found that retrospective reports of low social support (Acierno et al, 2007; Boscarino et al, 2013) and recollections of prior disasters including earlier hurricanes or the September 11, 2001 (9/11) disaster (Palgi et al, 2014; Shrira et al, 2014) significantly increase the likelihood of hurricane-related PTSD. However, these studies do not provide a temporal relationship between exposure and subsequent PTSD or account for the longitudinal influence of social support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Hurricane Sandy among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 Disaster

Caramanica

Brackbill

Stellman

et al. 2015

Int J Emerg Ment Health

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Background-Traumatic exposure during a hurricane is associated with adverse mental health conditions post-event. The World Trade Center Health Registry provided a sampling pool for a rapid survey of persons directly affected by Hurricane Sandy in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area in late October 2012. This study evaluated the relationship between Sandy experiences and Sandy-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among individuals previously exposed to the September 11, 2001 (9/11) disaster.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Hurricane Sandy among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 Disaster

Caramanica

Brackbill

Stellman

et al. 2015

Int J Emerg Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We will investigate whether older adults who have not been previously exposed to trauma or have experienced a lower level of PTLE find it more difficult to cope with first-time traumatic events, such as war or terror. Unlike older adults, younger adults may exploit their social support or their coping flexibility when facing trauma, rather than using their emotional regulation system (Shrira et al, 2014). Therefore, it is expected that a strong association between age and PTSD will be found among those who report lower levels of previous PTLE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inoculating role of previous exposure to potentially traumatic life events on coping with prolonged exposure to rocket attacks: A lifespan perspective

Palgi

Gelkopf

Berger

2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…As elsewhere, women proved particularly vulnerable to distress after each of the attacks (Bleich et al, 2003). Younger people were more distressed, potentially the result of maturation processes that generally favour older adults (Shrira et al, 2014). Physical location was related to distress, with those in the 'bulls eye' of the attacks (Parisians) more distressed regardless of the event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Psychological distress and prejudice following terror attacks in France

Kaniasty

Sun

Ben–Ezra

2017

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Terrorist attacks have the capacity to threaten our beliefs about the world, cause distress across populations and promote discrimination towards particular groups. We examined the impact of two different types of attacks in the same city and same year on psychological distress andprobable posttraumatic stress symptoms, and the moderating effects of religion or media use on distress/posttraumatic symptoms and inter-group relations. Two panel surveys four weeks after the January 2015 Charlie Hebdo attack (N= 1981) and the November 2015 Bataclan concert hall / restaurant attacks (N= 1878), measured intrinsic religiosity, social and traditional media use, psychological distress (K6), probable posttraumatic stress symptoms (proposed ICD-11), symbolic racism and willingness to interact with Muslims by non-Muslims. Prevalence of serious mental illness (K6 score > 18) was higher after November 2015 attacks (7.0 % after the first attack, 10.2% the second, χ2 (1) = 5.67, p<.02), as were probable posttraumatic stress symptoms (11.9% vs. 14.1%; χ2 (1) = 4.15, p<.04). In structural equation analyses, sex, age, geographic proximity, media use and religiosity were associated with distress, as was the interaction between event and religiosity. Distresswas was then associated with racism symbolism and willingness to interact with Muslims. Implications are considered for managing psychological trauma across populations, and protecting inter-group harmony. IntroductionFrance suffered two major terrorist attacks during 2015, both attributed to Islamist groups. The first, in January, targeted the Paris-based satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, killing 12 people, and was claimed as a response to the publication of satirical cartoons. In the second, November attack, marauding gunmen and suicide bombers attacked the Bataclan concert hall and restaurants in the multicultural central district of Paris and its northern suburb St. Denis, killing 130. There are different possible outcomes of these events for psychological well-being and intergroup relations. From an inoculation approach, the first attack hardened French citizens against further terror events, weakening the impact of a second terror event (Bleich et al., 2003). An alternative, dose-response approach suggests the larger, apparently 'motiveless' second attack challenged an "assumptive" view of the world as a safe, benevolent place (Janoff-Bulman., 1992), and had more severe psychological consequences. Further factors may have moderated stress responses. Those living closer to the attack may be more affected (Canetti-Nisim et al., 2009); indirect exposure via the media may also amplify distress (Goodwin et al., 2015), while individual religiosity may help individuals cope with mortality threat (Fischer, 2006). Distress in turn has been associated with increased prejudice and exclusionist attitudes (Canetti-Nisim et al., 2009). We tested relationships between the event, location, media exposure and religiosity and distress, and associations between distress, racism and s...

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Previous Exposure to the World Trade Center Terrorist Attack and Posttraumatic Symptoms Among Older Adults Following Hurricane Sandy

Abstract: When confronted by a natural disaster, American older adults are generally resilient. Supporting the inoculation hypothesis, resilience of older adults may be partly related to the strength successfully extracted from previous exposure to adverse events.

Cited by 87 publications

References 34 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Hurricane Sandy among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 Disaster

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Hurricane Sandy among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 Disaster

The inoculating role of previous exposure to potentially traumatic life events on coping with prolonged exposure to rocket attacks: A lifespan perspective

Psychological distress and prejudice following terror attacks in France

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