Previous Lung Diseases and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Brenner, Darren R.; McLaughlin, John; Hung, Rayjean J.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017479

Cited by 283 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…COPD was the only significant covariate in our final multivariable model. The association between COPD and lung cancer we found in our study was consistent with the result from two earlier meta-analyses (17,39). In contrast, emphysema, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, and tuberculosis were not significantly associated with lung cancer in our final multivariate model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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LLPi: Liverpool Lung Project Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Incidence

Marcus

Chen

Raji

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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Identification of high-risk individuals will facilitate early diagnosis, reduce overall costs, and also improve the current poor survival from lung cancer. The Liverpool Lung Project prospective cohort of 8,760 participants ages 45 to 79 years, recruited between 1998 and 2008, was followed annually through the hospital episode statistics until January 31, 2013. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk predictors of lung cancer incidence. C-statistic was used to assess the discriminatory accuracy of the models. Models were internally validated using the bootstrap method. During mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 237 participants developed lung cancer. Age [hazard ratio (HR), 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.06], male gender (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.10-1.98), smoking duration (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03-1.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.79-3.30), prior diagnosis of malignant tumor (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.08-3.89), and early onset of family history of lung cancer (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.04-2.72) were associated with the incidence of lung cancer. The LLPi risk model had a good calibration (goodness-of-fit c 2 7.58, P ¼ 0.371). The apparent C-statistic was 0.852 (95% CI, 0.831-0.873) and the optimism-corrected bootstrap resampling C-statistic was 0.849 (95% CI, 0.829-0.873). The LLPi risk model may assist in identifying individuals at high risk of developing lung cancer in population-based screening programs. Cancer Prev Res; 8(6); 570-5. Ó2015 AACR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Covariates such as prior history of respiratory diseases and prior diagnosis of malignant diseases have been reported as risk factors for lung cancer (16,17). Clinical covariates in the previous case-control model were based on unvalidated self-reported questionnaire responses (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LLPi: Liverpool Lung Project Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Incidence

Marcus

Chen

Raji

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…Several studies have established a relationship between COPD and lung cancer. The prevalence of COPD in newly-diagnosed lung cancer patients was estimated at about 50% (3) and COPD is considered an independent risk factor of lung cancer, irrespective of smoking history (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of CT-emphysema score in patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer

Kim

Ahn

et al. 2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

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IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer present major medical challenges; COPD is the third leading cause of death and lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States (1,2). Several studies have established a relationship between COPD and lung cancer. The prevalence of COPD in newly-diagnosed lung cancer patients was estimated at about 50% (3) and COPD is considered an independent risk factor of lung cancer, irrespective of smoking history (4,5).Emphysema, one of the classic subtypes of COPD, is characterized by abnormal and permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to terminal bronchioles and accompanying destruction of alveolar walls. Computed tomography (CT) is an established method for the detection and quantification of emphysema (6,7), and CT-diagnosed emphysema has also been reported to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer independently of smoking history and airflow obstruction (8). Furthermore, recent studies have reported that presence of emphysema detected by CT in resected Original Article

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“…Once COPD is diagnosed, risk of developing lung cancer increases two-to threefold (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), even among never smokers (13). Lung cancer occurrence is also linked differentially to specific COPD phenotypes (i.e., emphysema and chronic bronchitis) (9,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Copd History and Risk Of Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lung cancer occurrence is also linked differentially to specific COPD phenotypes (i.e., emphysema and chronic bronchitis) (9,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). In a metaanalysis, lung cancer was associated with a previous history of COPD (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.0), chronic bronchitis (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.8), and emphysema (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.7-2.4) (12). In a large, population-based case-control study in women in Detroit, COPD was associated with a significantly increased risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.15-2.41; in whites, OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.21-2.81) (19).…”

Section: Copd History and Risk Of Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Epidemiology of Cigarette Smoke–Induced Lung Disease

Schwartz

2012

Proc Am Thorac Soc

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer represent two diseases that share a strong risk factor in smoking, and COPD increases risk of lung cancer even after adjusting for the effects of smoking. These diseases not only occur jointly within an individual but also there is evidence of shared occurrence within families. Understanding the genetic contributions to these diseases, both individually and jointly, is needed to identify the highest risk group for screening and targeted prevention, as well as aiding in the development of targeted treatments. The chromosomal regions that have been identified as being associated either jointly or independently with lung cancer, COPD, nicotine addiction, and lung function are presented. Studies jointly measuring genetic variation in lung cancer and COPD have been limited by the lack of detailed COPD diagnosis and severity data in lung cancer populations, the lack of lung cancer-specific phenotypes (histology and tumor markers) in COPD populations, and the lack of inclusion of minorities. African Americans, who smoke fewer cigarettes per day and have different linkage disequilibrium and disease patterns than whites, and Asians, also with different patterns of exposure to lung carcinogens and linkage patterns, will provide invaluable information to better understand shared and independent genetic contributions to lung cancer and COPD to more fully define the highest risk group of individuals who will most benefit from screening and to develop molecular signatures to aid in targeted treatment and prevention efforts.

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Previous Lung Diseases and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 283 publications

References 93 publications

LLPi: Liverpool Lung Project Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Incidence

LLPi: Liverpool Lung Project Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Incidence

Prognostic significance of CT-emphysema score in patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer

Genetic Epidemiology of Cigarette Smoke–Induced Lung Disease

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