Prevotella histicola Protects From Arthritis by Expansion of Allobaculum and Augmenting Butyrate Production in Humanized Mice

Abstract

Bacterial therapeutics are the emergent alternatives in treating autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA]. P. histicola MCI 001 is one such therapeutic bacterium that has been proven to treat autoimmune diseases such as RA and multiple sclerosis [MS] in animal models. The present study characterized P. histicola MCI 001 isolated from a human duodenal biopsy, and evaluated its impact on the gut microbial and metabolic profile in a longitudinal study using the collagen-induced arthritis model in HLA-DQ8.AEo transgenic mice. P. histicola MCI 001 though closely related to the type strain of P. histicola, DSM 19854, differed in utilizing glycerol. In culture, P. histicola MCI 001 produced vitamins such as biotin and folate, and was involved in digesting complex carbohydrates and production of acetate. Colonization study showed that duodenum was the predominant niche for the gavaged MCI 001. A longitudinal follow-up of gut microbial profile in arthritic mice treated with MCI 001 suggested that dysbiosis caused due to arthritis was partially restored to the profile of naïve mice after treatment. A taxon-level analysis suggested an expansion of intestinal genus Allobaculum in MCI001 treated arthritic mice. Eubiosis achieved post treatment with P. histicola MCI 001 was also reflected in the increased production of short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs]. Present study suggests that the treatment with P. histicola MCI 001 leads to an expansion of Allobaculum by increasing the availability of simple carbohydrates and acetate. Restoration of microbial profile and metabolites like butyrate induce immune and gut homeostasis.

Short‐chain fatty acids regulate B cells differentiation via the FFA2 receptor to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis

“…The role of SCFAs in suppressing systemic inflammation has been widely recognized, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis (Ang & Ding, 2016; Durholz et al, 2020). We believe that the effect of improving arthritis is the result of a combination of SCFAs, with butyrate being the most effective (Bai et al, 2021; Balakrishnan et al, 2021; Wen et al, 2020). Therefore, adding dietary fibre to the diet to increase the level of SCFAs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.…”

Oral Administration of 5-Hydroxytryptophan Restores Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Depression

“…in the gut has a robust capacity to produce acetate, which is the main substrate for some SCFAs synthesis. This strain is a well-known SCFAs-producing bacteria (Tian et al, 2020 ; Balakrishnan et al, 2021 ). The relative abundance of Allobaculum was significantly decreased in the mice with depression-like behaviors, but restored after treatment with 5-HTP.…”

Effect of Methionine Supplementation on Serum Metabolism and the Rumen Bacterial Community of Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

“…At the genus level, the LMet group also showed a significant increase in Prevotella and Rikenellaceae_ RC9 ( Figure 4 ). Studies have shown that Prevotella was able to generate short-chain fatty acids, mainly acetic acid, through the degradation of carbohydrates [ 67 ], and that high levels of Prevotella enhanced the fermentation of complex polysaccharides and improved glucose metabolism [ 68 ], which explained the rise in acetic acid production in the LMet group. In addition, Balakrishnan B et al suggested that Prevotella maintained the stability of the immune system by enhancing butyrate production [ 67 ], which was consistent with the results of this study.…”

“…Studies have shown that Prevotella was able to generate short-chain fatty acids, mainly acetic acid, through the degradation of carbohydrates [ 67 ], and that high levels of Prevotella enhanced the fermentation of complex polysaccharides and improved glucose metabolism [ 68 ], which explained the rise in acetic acid production in the LMet group. In addition, Balakrishnan B et al suggested that Prevotella maintained the stability of the immune system by enhancing butyrate production [ 67 ], which was consistent with the results of this study. Furthermore, Zhao et al suggested that Rikenellaceae_ RC9 positively correlated with the production of total volatile fatty acids and acetic acid, while affecting the pH of rumen fluid [ 69 ].…”