Prevotella Induces the Production of Th17 Cells in the Colon of Mice

Abstract

Th17-mediated mucosal inflammation is related to increased Prevotella bacterial abundance. The actual involvement of Prevotella in the development and accumulation of intestinal Th17 cells at a steady state, however, remains undefined. Herein, we investigated the role of Prevotella in inducing intestinal Th17 cells in mice. Mice were treated with a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics (including ampicillin, neomycin sulfate, vancomycin hydrochloride, and metronidazole) in their drinking water for 4 weeks and then gavaged with Prevotella for 4 weeks. After inoculation, 16S rDNA sequencing was used to verify the colonization of Prevotella in the colon of mice. The IL-17A as well as IL-17A-expressing T cells was localized and quantified by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) of colon sections. Th17 cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice were counted by flow cytometry. Systemic immune response to Prevotella colonization was evaluated based on the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-10, IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-2. Th17-polarizing cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-2) induced by Prevotella were evaluated by stimulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Results revealed that after inoculation, Prevotella successfully colonized the intestine of mice and induced the production and accumulation of colonic Th17 cells in the colon. Moreover, Prevotella elevated some of the Th17-related cytokines in the serum of mice. And Th17-polarizing cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) produced by BMDCs were mediated mainly through the interaction between Prevotella and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). In conclusion, our data suggest that Prevotella induces the production of Th17 cells in the colon of mice, thus highlighting the potential role of Prevotella in training the intestinal immune system.

Liu Shen Capsule Alters Airway Microbiota Composition and Metabolite Profiles in Healthy Humans

“…Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria are associated with infiltrating immune cells in lung tissue, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and B cells (Sze et al, 2015). Moreover, increased Prevotella abundance was associated with augmented T-helper type 17 (Th17)-mediated mucosal inflammation, which was in line with the marked capacity of Prevotella in driving Th17 immune responses in vitro (Huang et al, 2020). Neisseria, such as Neisseria meningitidis, is a colonizing bacterium in the respiratory tract, which can cause diseases under certain conditions.…”

Effects of Bovine Pichia kudriavzevii T7, Candida glabrata B14, and Lactobacillus plantarum Y9 on Milk Production, Quality and Digestive Tract Microbiome in Dairy Cows

“…make a considerable contribution to the carbohydrates and nitrogen utilization of ruminants [ 47 , 48 ]. Previous research also indicated favorable influences of some Prevotella strains on the improvement of immunity [ 49 ]. Therefore, Prevotella is conducive to the health and growth of dairy cows, which in turn contributes to the improvement of milk production and quality.…”

Plasma Lipid Profile and Intestinal Microflora in Pregnancy Women With Hypothyroidism and Their Correlation With Pregnancy Outcomes

“…CRP, as a nonspecific marker of inflammation and tissue damage, its increased levels suggest an increased pro-inflammatory response. However, the gram-negative bacteria Prevotella can induce the transformation of Type 1 T helper cells (Th1) to Type 2 T helper cells (Th2) through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on their outer membrane to activate the intestinal immune inflammatory system and then destroy the intestinal barrier to cause a “leaky gut” ( 34 , 35 ), triggering a congenital autoimmune response against thyroid cells ( 36 ), which may lead to a reduction in serum thyroid hormone levels and increase TSH levels by negative feedback mechanisms, thereby leading to hypothyroidism. Moreover, we found a significant positive correlation between serum FT4 level and the abundance of Blautia .…”