2003
DOI: 10.2307/3146872
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Price and Income Elasticities of Residential Water Demand: A Meta-Analysis

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Cited by 509 publications
(447 citation statements)
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“…7 All other things being 6 The average own price elasticity is -0.51 in industrialized countries (Espey, Espey and Shaw, 1997). See also Arbués-Gracia, García-Valiñas and Martínez-Espiñeira (2003), Dalhuisen et al (2003), Ferrara (2007), or Worthington and Hoffman (2008) for comprehensive reviews of residential water demand estimation. 7 Even if water demand has been found inelastic to price in the bulk of water demand studies, household water use, in all cases, do respond significantly to price variation, though in a moderate manner (residential demand equal, Renwick and Archibald (1998) show that the use of one low-flow toilet decreases household water use by 10% while the use of one low-flow showerhead results in a 8% decrease in household water consumption.…”
Section: Urban Water Demand Side Management Policiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…7 All other things being 6 The average own price elasticity is -0.51 in industrialized countries (Espey, Espey and Shaw, 1997). See also Arbués-Gracia, García-Valiñas and Martínez-Espiñeira (2003), Dalhuisen et al (2003), Ferrara (2007), or Worthington and Hoffman (2008) for comprehensive reviews of residential water demand estimation. 7 Even if water demand has been found inelastic to price in the bulk of water demand studies, household water use, in all cases, do respond significantly to price variation, though in a moderate manner (residential demand equal, Renwick and Archibald (1998) show that the use of one low-flow toilet decreases household water use by 10% while the use of one low-flow showerhead results in a 8% decrease in household water consumption.…”
Section: Urban Water Demand Side Management Policiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One general result from these studies is that water demand is price inelastic, with the absolute value of the estimated price elasticities generally below 0.5 [Hanemann, 1998]. In a meta-analysis of residential water demand, Dalhuisen et al [2003] find a mean price elasticity of demand of À0.41, while Espey et al [1997] find a median short-run price elasticity of À0.38, and a median long-run price elasticity of À0.64. Many of the recent papers in the study of urban water demand have focused on estimation under block rate pricing, and the implications of appropriately accounting for both the discrete choice of which block to choose, and the continuous choice of how much water to use [Hewitt and Hanemann, 1995;Dalhuisen et al, 2003].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a meta-analysis of residential water demand, Dalhuisen et al [2003] find a mean price elasticity of demand of À0.41, while Espey et al [1997] find a median short-run price elasticity of À0.38, and a median long-run price elasticity of À0.64. Many of the recent papers in the study of urban water demand have focused on estimation under block rate pricing, and the implications of appropriately accounting for both the discrete choice of which block to choose, and the continuous choice of how much water to use [Hewitt and Hanemann, 1995;Dalhuisen et al, 2003]. This work has found that estimating urban water demand using the discrete-continuous approach finds a much more elastic price elasticity of demand than studies which do not explicitly model both choices.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dalhuisen et al (2003) obtain a mean own-price elasticity of 0.41 in a meta-analysis of almost 300 studies over the period , and in a similarly extensive survey of the water demand literature, Olmstead and Stavins (2008) find that the price elasticity of residential demand varies substantially across place and time, but on average, in the U.S., a ten percent increase in the marginal price of water in the urban residential sector can be expected to diminish demand by about three to four percent. Finally, in another meta-analysis of the variation in estimates of price elasticities taken from 24 studies of residential water demand published in journals between 1967 and 1993, Espey et al (1997) noted that estimates of the elasticities ranged from -0.02 to -3.33, with a mean of -0.51, and that 90 percent of the estimates fell between -0.50 and -0.75.…”
Section: Appendix 1: Calculation Of Own-and Cross-price Elasticities mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In their meta-analysis of 124 estimates generated between 1963 and 1993, (Espey and Shaw 1997) obtain an average price elasticity of -0.51. Dalhuisen et al (2003) obtain a mean price elasticity of 0.41 in a meta-analysis of almost 300 price elasticity studies, . In their survey of the water demand literature, Olmstead and Stavins (2008) concluded that the price elasticity of residential demand varies substantially across place and time, but on average, in the United States, a ten percent increase in the marginal price of water in the urban residential sector can be expected to diminish demand by about three to four percent.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%