In establishing convergence to the``natural state'', we examine the allocation of capital by the``captains of industry'' who respond to pro¢t-rate di¡erentials. Such allocations unleash the equilibration forces of competition. It is constructively shown that the problem of capital allocation engenders a self-referential system whereby the ex post pro¢t rates depend on the dynamics of ex ante pro¢t rates while the latter depend on the dynamics of ex post pro¢t rates. We establish the existence of, and the convergence to, the``natural state'' in the light of this self-referential system.
I IntroductionClassical economic theory propounded that an economic system`g ravitates'' towards the``natural state'' or long-run equilibrium. This convergence to the long-run equilibrium was part of the axiomatic and did not have a theoretical underpinning. However, recently there has been a spurt of interest, starting with the pioneering work of Nikaido (1978), to analyse this classical thesis critically. The outcomes are mixed. Nikaido (1978) highlighted the invalidity of such a global convergence in a limited model by formulating the quantity dynamics in the Jorgenson (1960) type dual-stability model and demonstrated the quantity instability. This, however, is a characteristic feature of the Jorgenson model whose quantity instability has spillover e¡ects on prices and pro¢t rates which clog the equilibrating forces of competition. Subsequently, Nikaido (1983) introduced a price adjustment mechanism into his rudimentary model and con¢rmed his earlier result. A close examination, however, reveals that the proposed price dynamics (his equations (50), (53) and (54)) di¡er from