Pricing and promotion effects on low-fat vending snack purchases: the CHIPS Study

French, Simone A.; Jeffery, Robert W.; Story, Mary; Breitlow, Kyle K; Baxter, Judith; Hannan, Peter J.; Snyder, Mariah

doi:10.2105/ajph.91.1.112

Cited by 395 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Future research should explore price sensitivity of nutritious items at vendors. 15 In addition, it would be useful to determine whether availability of foods from nearby mobile vendors contributes to increased consumption of after-school snacks or instead to substitution of snacks that they might otherwise consume elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Food Vending and the After-School Food Environment

Tester¹,

Yen

Laraia

2010

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Background Low-income and minority children have higher rates of obesity and overweight. Greater understanding of their food access is important. Because of higher rates of walking to school in these populations, these children likely have greater exposure to the food environment immediately around their schools. Mobile food vendors are an understudied aspect of the food environment in U.S. urban areas. Purpose This study aims to observe the after-school food environment in an urban area where mobile vending is known to occur in order to study the range of vendors encountered near schools and the items sold in the after-school period. Methods In the spring of 2008, the presence of mobile food vendors after school within ¼ mile of nine public schools was assessed in a predominantly Latino district of Oakland CA. At six schools with regular presence of vendors, observations were made at mobile vendors documenting characteristics of transactions, consumers, and items. Results During 37 observation-hours across 23 days, there were 1355 items sold to 1195 individuals. Fifty-six percent of the transactions involved children with no adults present. There was a wide range in foods sold, and although there were vendors selling low-nutrient, energy-dense foods, there were also vendors selling whole and processed (precut and bagged) fresh fruits and vegetables. Roughly 40% of these whole fruits and processed fruits and vegetables were consumed by children. On average, children each consumed $1.54 of foods per transaction. Conclusions Mobile food vendors in urban areas contribute to after-school snacking among children, and should be considered as a component of the school food environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Food Vending and the After-School Food Environment

Tester¹,

Yen

Laraia

2010

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…In particular, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and snacks – which are typically high in calories, fat, and sugar [11, 12] – is high. Two-thirds of adults (63%) drink SSBs, averaging 28 ounces per day, and 293 calories daily (15% of recommended 2000 kcal/day diet) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the consumption of a relatively small number of excess daily calories can lead to weight gain [19, 20]. While patterns of SSB [13, 14, 21, 22] and snack [16–18] consumption are well described along with effective intervention strategies to reduce their consumption [23–25], there has been little research looking focused on whether consumption of these discretionary calories differs by weight loss strategies (i.e., diet, exercise, or diet and exercise combined). No research has examined whether the patterns of SSB and snack consumption associated with weight loss strategies differ by body weight status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight loss strategies: Association with consumption of sugary beverages, snacks and values about food purchases

Bleich

Wolfson

2014

Patient Education and Counseling

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Objective To examine whether weight loss strategies are associated with consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), snacks or food values. Design and Methods Cross-sectional analysis of 24-hour dietary recall data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2010 (N=9,440). Results Adults trying to lose weight consumed roughly 2000 total calories, 250 calories from SSBs, 225 calories from salty snacks, and 350 calories from sweet snacks. Adults not trying to lose weight consumed roughly 2300 total calories, 300 calories from SSBs, 250 calories from salty snacks, and 380 calories from sweet snacks. While overweight and obese adults trying to lose weight consumed fewer calories than those who were not, heavier adults trying to lose weight using dietary strategies or a combination of diet and physical activity consumed more calories than healthy weight adults using that same weight loss strategy (p < 0.05). Price (>70%) and nutrition (>50%) were most when making food choices (p < 0.05) for all groups. Conclusions Consumption of discretionary calories is high regardless of body weight or weight loss intention. Practice Implications Promoting reduced SSB and snack consumption in the clinical setting may be important for weight loss, particularly among heavier individuals. Clinicians should consider values related to food purchasing to identify concrete behavioral targets.

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“…6 In addition to individual biology and behaviors, the physical, social, and cultural environment appears to contribute to a chronic positive energy balance responsible for the upward trend in population estimates of overweight and obesity 7,8 by facilitating high energy, low nutrient diets and reducing the need to be physically active to perform activities of daily life. 9 Worksites are feasible self-contained environments with established communication systems where interventions manipulating the food and PA environment and social marketing of lifestyle changes can be implemented. Worksites interventions have the potential to reach large number of adults 10 since 58.4% of the adult US population aged 16 and over is employed 11 and can foster participation of employees to develop ownership and build capacity for project sustainability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Prior to this initiative, worksite trials were either limited scope interventions, targeting a few aspects of the food or PA environment 9,20-23 or broader scope targeting cardiovascular disease and cancer prevention risk factors simultaneously (e.g. ; smoking, and diet).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Images of a Healthy Worksite: A Group-Randomized Trial for Worksite Weight Gain Prevention With Employee Participation in Intervention Design

et al. 2015

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Objectives To test the effect of a multiple-component intervention addressing diet and physical activity with employee participation in intervention design on mean body mass index (BMI) and the proportion of overweight/obesity. Methods Group-randomized trial in Northeastern USA. Ten worksites were allocated within pairs into intervention and control conditions. Change in mean BMI and in the proportion of overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/ cm2) within- and between-groups (DID, difference of differences) were examined in a volunteer sample of 3799 employees. Results Within-group mean BMI decreased 0.54 kg/m2 (P 0.02) and 0.12 kg/m2 (P 0.73) in intervention and control worksites, respectively, resulting in a DID of -0.42 kg/m2 (P 0.33). Within-group proportion of overweight/obese employees decreased by 3.7% (P 0.07) and increased by 4.9%, (P 0.10) in intervention and control worksites, respectively, resulting in a decline of 8.6% (DID) in the proportion of overweight/obesity (P 0.02). Conclusion Our findings support a worksite population strategy that might eventually reduce the incidence and prevalence of overweight/obesity by minimizing environmental exposure to calorically-dense foods and increasing exposure to opportunities for energy expenditure within worksite settings.

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Pricing and promotion effects on low-fat vending snack purchases: the CHIPS Study

Abstract: Reducing relative prices on low-fat snacks was effective in promoting lower-fat snack purchases from vending machines in both adult and adolescent populations.

Cited by 395 publications

References 20 publications

Mobile Food Vending and the After-School Food Environment

Mobile Food Vending and the After-School Food Environment

Weight loss strategies: Association with consumption of sugary beverages, snacks and values about food purchases

Images of a Healthy Worksite: A Group-Randomized Trial for Worksite Weight Gain Prevention With Employee Participation in Intervention Design

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