Pricing for Complementary and Substitute Products Simultaneously in the Package-Sale and Separate-Sale

Abstract

In this article, the authors present a model for the pricing of a substitute and complementary products (four commodities) while the seller delivers the products individually, in the form of a package to the final customer, and compares the profits from the sale of each scenario. Also, a comparative study has been completed. In the package sale, two complementary products are delivered in one package, but each item is sold in separate sales. The demand function for each product is a function of the price. To illustrate the validity of the model, numerical examples have been used and a sensitivity analysis has been done on the important parameters in the problem.

Sustainability and Resilience Analysis in Supply Chain Considering Pricing Policies and Government Economic Measures

“…A complex supply chain involving three manufacturers and a distributor managing complementary and substitute products which emphasizes the resilience of the chain against various possible disruptions. Using game theories to determine optimal prices at different levels of the supply chain, the developed model seeks to navigate efficiently through these potential interruptions, thereby ensuring order fulfillment and system stability despite environmental and operational challenges [21]. As well as, [22] where another strategy based on maintaining extra inventory at distribution centers is implemented and ensuring the reliability of distribution centers, which positively impacted the competitiveness and adaptability of supply chains investigated the influence of resilience strategies in supply chain management, particularly within the context of price competition and facility disruptions.…”