Prick, patch or blood test? A simple guide to allergy testing

Muthupalaniappen, Leelavathi; Jamil, Adawiyah

doi:10.51866/rv1141

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Blood tests, i.e., serological testing for diagnosis of allergies, are routinely used for determining presence of allergen-specific immunoglobulins [ 39 ]. According to the current routine, by chemical means, immobilized allergens are displayed to serum-borne antibodies and immune complex formation is determined by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) or RAST (radioallergosorbent tests).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact Transition Epitope Mapping—Serological Inspection by Epitope EXtraction (ITEM—SIX)

et al. 2023

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Precision medicine requests accurate serological inspections to precisely stratify patients for targeted treatment. Intact transition epitope mapping analysis proved surrogate seroconversion of a model organism’s serum when spiked with a monoclonal murine anti-Ovalbumin antibody (mAb) with epitope resolution. Isolation of the IgG fraction from blood serum applied two consecutive protein precipitation steps followed by ultrafiltration and resulted in an ESI-MS analysis-ready IgG preparation. For epitope mapping by epitope extraction, the Ovalbumin antigen was digested with trypsin. After desalting, the peptide mixture was added to the ESI-MS-ready IgG preparation from mAb-spiked serum and the solution was incubated to form an immune complex between the Ovalbumin-derived epitope peptide and the anti-Ovalbumin mAb. Then, the entire mixture of proteins and peptides was directly electrosprayed. Sorting of ions in the mass spectrometer’s gas phase, dissociation of the immune complex ions by collision-induced dissociation, and recording of the epitope peptide ion that had been released from the immune complex proved the presence of the anti-Ovalbumin mAb in serum. Mass determination of the complex-released epitope peptide ion with isotope resolution is highly accurate, guaranteeing high specificity of this novel analysis approach, which is termed Intact Transition Epitope Mapping—Serological Inspections by Epitope EXtraction (ITEM—SIX).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact Transition Epitope Mapping—Serological Inspection by Epitope EXtraction (ITEM—SIX)

et al. 2023

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“…The prick test works on the principle of activating IgE antibodies on the skin's mast cells. 22 The sensitivity and specificity of the prick test to aeroallergens is about 70%-97%, and to food allergens, the sensitivity and specificity is 30%-90%. 9 In our study, we used CREDISOL ® allergens from the manufacturer Creative Diagnostic Medicare Private Limited, Mumbai.…”

Section: Skin Prick Test Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with sensitisation to selected aero‐allergens in children and adolescents with asthma followed up at Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon

Eposse Ekoube,

Abba,

Endale Mangamba

et al. 2024

Pediatric Pulmonology

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IntroductionIn spite of the substantial impact of pediatric asthma on healthcare resources, there is a notable dearth of research focusing on allergen sensitization specifically in children and adolescents with asthma in Cameroon, with existing studies primarily concentrating on adult populations. We, therefore, set out to determine factors associated with sensitization to selected aero‐allergens in children and adolescents with asthma followed up at Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon.MethodologyWe conducted a cross‐sectional analytical study on patients aged 2–17 years followed up for pediatric asthma at Laquintinie Hospital Douala for 8 months (January to August 2023). Skin prick tests were performed using selected standardized aeroallergens extracts. Factors associated with sensitization were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The threshold for significance was set at p < .05.ResultsIn total, 126 children and adolescents with asthma were recruited, 50.79% of whom were male with an average age of 8.00 ± 3.99 years. Eight out of 10 patients (83.52%) were sensitized to common aero‐allergens (20.59% monosensitized and 79.41% polysensitized). The most common aero‐allergens found were the dust mites Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (81.37%), Blomia tropicalis (67.64%) and Dermatophagoïdes farinae (52.94%) followed by Blatella species (25.49%). The factors independently associated with sensitization in our population were the personal history of allergic rhinitis in the patient [adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 4.07 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.41–11.76), b = 0.54, p = .009], chest tightness at rest [aOR: 5.92 (95% CI: 1.08–32.38), b = 0.87, p = .040), and age above 5 years [aOR: 4.65 (95% CI: 1.47–14.69), b = 0.59, p = .009).ConclusionSensitization to multiple aeroallergens is common in children and adolescents with asthma, especially for dust mites and cockroaches. Factors associated with sensitization are patients aged >5 years, chest tightness at rest, and a personal history of allergic rhinitis.

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“…The presence of a wheal with a diameter of 3 mm or greater is considered indicative of a positive reaction, with larger wheals indicating higher sensitivity to the allergen. Finally, an oral antihistamine is administered at the end of the test to revert the signs and symptoms created [ 11 ].…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessing Acute Inflammatory Changes: A Case Series

Ramírez-GarcíaLuna¹,

Rangel-Berridi²,

Bartlett³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Infrared thermal imaging is a non-contact imaging modality that captures the heat emitted by the human body. Thermal regulation or heat load to the different body parts is mainly regulated via blood supply, which is increased during inflammation. The assessment of the body's level of inflammation with pain, erythema and heat is subjective clinical measurement. Infrared imaging can be an objective tool for identifying and following inflammatory and perfusion changes, thereby helping clinicians locate and document the extent of the inflammation as well as monitor the response to treatment. As an example of this, here, we present three clinical cases where the use of thermography aided the assessment of acute inflammatory changes due to trauma, vasodilation, and allergy.

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Prick, patch or blood test? A simple guide to allergy testing

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Intact Transition Epitope Mapping—Serological Inspection by Epitope EXtraction (ITEM—SIX)

Intact Transition Epitope Mapping—Serological Inspection by Epitope EXtraction (ITEM—SIX)

Factors associated with sensitisation to selected aero‐allergens in children and adolescents with asthma followed up at Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon

Use of Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessing Acute Inflammatory Changes: A Case Series

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