This entry reviews the predominantly textual evidence for ancient Egyptian magic in its historical and cultural context. On the basis of the nature of the evidence, three chronological periods are distinguished: the Pharaonic (third to first millennium
bce
), the Greco‐Roman (first to fourth century
ce
), and the Christian (from the fourth century onward). The first period is characterized by the embedding of magic in the scholarly world of the traditional temples; the second, by religious, linguistic, and cultural variety, and the interaction of foreign and Egyptian traditions; the third by a deliberate and profound process of Christianization.