Primary Amine Implantation Onto Polypropylene Surfaces from Melamine and Urea RF Plasmas.

Surface analysis of aminated polypropylene films as an adhesion promoter to polycarbonate film

“…Figure 2 shows XPS deconvolution of O1s peak. Two O1s environments were observed1, 5, 23, 24: oxygen doubly bonded to carbon (C O ∼ 532 eV) and oxygen singly bonded to carbon (C O ∼ 533.3 eV). In O1s spectrum of sample PP‐ g ‐NH 2 ‐4 [Fig.…”

“…Figure 1 presents XPS spectrum and deconvolution of carbon C1s peak of PP‐ g ‐NH2‐4 and PP‐ g ‐NH2‐12. Three C1s environments were observed1, 5, 23, 24: hydrocarbon ( C Hn ∼ 285.0 eV), carbon singly bonded to oxygen ( C O ∼ 286 eV), carbon doubly bonded to oxygen (CO ∼ 287.4 eV). The nonhomogeneous charge peak (283.5 eV) is an artificial peak that comes from the nonhomogeneous charging on the polymer surface caused due to the insulating nature of the material 25.…”

“…Suitable techniques to chemically modify the polymer surface include flame treatment, corona discharge treatment, plasma modification, and surface graft polymerization. However, these techniques prohibit a design of chemically well‐defined surfaces 1–5. Modification of polyolefins (POs) by grafting of maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, or methacrylic acid monomers has been used to obtain reactive polymers with acidic functionality 6–8.…”

Functionalization of sisal fibers and high‐density polyethylene by cold plasma treatment

“…The vacuum-tight connections of the reactor to the liquid and gas supply systems and to the vacuum line are assured with the aid of two ferrofluidic feedthroughs. 4,10 The hollow shaft of the stainless steel chambers is made of special magnetic material, which is a part of the ferrofluidic sealing system. The RF-power is transferred to the reactor through two semicylindrical copper electrodes 6 located outside the reactor, from a 1000 W, 13.56 MHz RF-power supply and matching network assembly.…”

Surface functionalization via in situ interaction of plasma-generated free radicals with stable precursor-molecules on cellulose

“…However, due to the extensive fragmentation of NH 3 in non-equilibrium plasmas, saturated, non-saturated and aromatic amines were used as alternative primary amine group precursors (Hollahan et al 1969;Hollahan and Wydeven 1973;Yasuda et al 1976;Peric et al 1977; Gombotz and Hoffman 1988;Sakata and Wada 1988;Gombotz et al 1989;Lub et al 1989;Holmes and Schwartz 1990;Chinn et al 1992;Terlingen et al 1993;Sarmadi and Denes 1996;Girardeaux et al 1996;Ganapathy et al 1996).…”