Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is a new sewage treatment system that organically combines membrane separation technology and biological treatment technology. The key problem restricting the development of MBR is membrane pollution. This paper summarizes the main causes of membrane pollution and common treatment methods, and puts forward a new method of membrane pollution prevention - intelligent detection system. The intelligent detection system can be divided into four modules: data acquisition module, real-time data transmission module, online prediction module and real-time display module, which are used to monitor the actual situation of sewage treatment, thus reducing membrane pollution and improving.