Primary and backup fault detection techniques for multi‐terminal HVdc systems: a review

Yousaf, Muhammad Zain; Liu, Hui; Raza, Ali; Baig, Mirza Baber

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.0060

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Refs. [150][151][152] introduce novel topologies of DCCB as shown in Figure 18, which can reach rapid fault block and reduce the fault current passing through the anti-parallel diode in MMC. However, the cost-efficiency of DCCB is still not high enough for large-scale application.…”

Section: Frt and Protection For Dc-faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of system topologies, key operation and control technologies for offshore wind power transmission based on HVDC

Deng

Cheng

Yao

et al. 2023

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Offshore wind farm (OWF) is considered as a perfect zero‐carbon energy source for the future power system. However, the growing offshore distance and water depth of OWF make the OWF HVDC transmission technique a more promising solution than HVAC due to higher cost‐efficiency and reliability. In this paper, the current situation of OWF‐HVDC projects is introduced at first. Then, novel converter topologies with the higher power density and cost‐efficiency are presented, including the hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC), alternative arm converter (AAC), and diode rectifier (DR). Next, several OWF HVDC transmission system topologies are introduced, including terminal‐hybrid, station‐hybrid and all‐DC delivered system. Furthermore, the key technologies for OWF HVDC operation and control are summarized, including grid‐forming control strategy for offshore wind turbines, stability analysis method, corresponding stability enhancement measures and frequency support control strategies. Additionally, the fault ride‐through and protection strategies for different fault locations have been presented. Finally, the main conclusions and prospects for OWF HVDC are summarized.

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Section: Frt and Protection For Dc-faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of system topologies, key operation and control technologies for offshore wind power transmission based on HVDC

Deng

Cheng

Yao

et al. 2023

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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“…The DCCBs are expensive and larger than ac CBs of the same rating. Thus, new methods are developed to extinguish the fault from today's point-point dc-link based on; control [50] or by installing the ac CBs on the ac side to de-energize the system [51]. Such a protection scheme operation may take a few 100 ms [52][53][54] to a few seconds [53], but only suited to two terminals HVdc systems.…”

Section: High Voltage Direct Current Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent studies suggest VSC-based multi-terminal HVdc systems for integration of offshore wind farms [64][65][66][67]. Numerous challenges need to be dealt with before M-HVdc grid becomes a reality, which are: Communication between converter stations [64][65][66][67][68], control [69,70], and primary and back-up protection schemes [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][71][72][73].…”

Section: High Voltage Direct Current Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges

et al. 2021

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The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. The goal is to provide primary challenges and prospects in the HVdc breaker field.

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“…In consequence, procedures for the secure and rapid detection of the CB failure are required. Nevertheless, reliable and robust relaying mechanisms are demanded in the case of CB maloperation [8]. There are several proposals for covering the failure of CBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

et al. 2021

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HVDC grids demand the fast and reliable operation of the protection system. The failure of any protection element should initialize a backup protection almost immediately in order to assure the system’s stability. This paper proposes a novel backup strategy that covers the failure of the primary protection including the malfunctioning of the HVDC circuit breaker. Only local voltage measurements are employed in the proposed backup protection and the voltage derivative is calculated at both sides of the limiting inductor. Consequently, the speed and reliability of the protection system are enhanced, since no communication channel is needed. This paper contains a thorough specification of the proposed protection strategy. This strategy is validated in a four-terminal HVDC grid with various fault case scenarios, including high-resistance fault cases. The operation of the backup protection is reliable and remarkably fast.

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Primary and backup fault detection techniques for multi‐terminal HVdc systems: a review

Cited by 22 publications

References 123 publications

A review of system topologies, key operation and control technologies for offshore wind power transmission based on HVDC

A review of system topologies, key operation and control technologies for offshore wind power transmission based on HVDC

HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

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