Primary and Secondary Distillates as Marine Fuel Oil

Abstract

The component compositions of marine fuel oils satisfying the requirements of TU 38.401-58-302-2001 (ISO 8217) with maximum inclusion of gasoils from destructive refining of crude oil were developed. Light gasoils replace standard diesel fuel in marine fuel oil. The demulsifiability of light and heavy catalytic and coker gasoils and vacuum distillates I and II was evaluated. Its dependence on not only the content of adsorbed resins and aromatic hydrocarbons in the components of the fuel but also and to a greater degree on their ratio in the disperse system was demonstrated. The higher this ratio is, the lower the demulsifiability of the fuel.Production of marine fuel oils promotes more efficient utilization of the products of exhaustive oil refining, in particular, gasoils from secondary processes which are components of domestic furnace and low-viscosity marine fuel oils to be included in diesel cuts before hydrotreating. In going to production of environmentally clean diesel fuels or fuels that satisfy standard EN 590 (sulfur content under 50 ppm), the use of light gasoils as components of hydrotreating feedstock has become practically impossible.One of the most important performance characteristics of marine fuel oils is the demulsifiability. In operation of marine engines on flooded fuel, the combustion regime is perturbed, the parts in the engine's fuel system are subject to corrosion, and the conditions of lubrication of the surface of rubbing parts worsen. In the operating conditions, water should easily be removed from fuel, i.e., the stability of the emulsion should be minimal.We developed the component composition of ISO-F-DMA, ISO-F-DMB, and ISO-F-DMC marine fuel oils (TU 38.401-58-02-2001) with maximum inclusion of medium distillates from primary and secondary oil refining processes and assessed the demulsifiability of these components. L i g h t a n d h e a v y g a s o i l s ( Ta b l e 1 ) f r o m c a t c r a c k e r s a n d d e l a y e d c o k e r s a n d v a c u u m distillates I, II, and III (Table 2) from an AVT unit were selected as the components. The cracking and coker light gasoils distill under 360°C and are characterized by low viscosity values (see Table 1). They can be used as components of all marine fuel oils, especially ISO-F-DMA (viscosity of 1.5-6 mm 2 /sec at 40°C), which makes them light fuels.In addition to the basic physicochemical properties, the following were determined for heavy catalytic and coker gasoils: carbon residue (0.39-0.4%), vanadium (0.2-0.5 mg/kg) and total residue content (0.001-0.0005%).In addition, the total aluminum and silicon content (9 mg/kg) was determined for heavy catalytic gasoil. 288Carbon residue for 10% residue (no greater than 0.3%) is standardized for ISO-F-DMA fuel as for diesel fuels. This index restricts heavy catalytic and coker gasoils in the given fuel. With respect to heavy gasoils

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