Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder.A collective review with the addition of twenty-five cases from the grace hospital, detroit, michigan

Primary Carcinomas of the Liver and Biliary Tract

“…There is a close association of gall stones with carcinoma of the gall bladder (Mohardt, 1939;Arminsky, 1949) and, to a lesser extent,with carcinoma of the extra-hepatic ducts (Marshall, 1932;Ewing, 1940;Kirshbaum and Kozoll, 1941; Neibling, Dockerty and Waugh, 1949); in both instances the occurrence of calculi is much greater than in any control group of cases and is probably related to the development of carcinoma.…”

“…In this series, however, all the carcinomas of the biliary tract occurred in males, but in view of the small numbers of these tumours and the fact that more than 80 per cent of necropsies above the age of 30 years were on males, no conclusion is drawn regarding sex predisposition. The decided frequency of carcinoma of the gall bladder among females is well known (Mohardt, 1939;Arminsky, 1949). Carcinoma of the extra-hepatic ducts has been recorded more frequently in males but published figures show that the sexes are almost equally susceptible (Kirshbaum and Kozoll, 1941;Neibling, Dockerty and Waugh, 1949;Willis, 1953).…”

Epidemiological aspects of gallbladder and biliary tract neoplasm.

“…However, a well-designed prospective study may be too difficult to undertake because of the low incidence of gallbladder cancer in the population and, in addition, its reportedly low frequency among patients with cholelithiasis (about 2-4% according to various reports) 24,9,10 This brings us to a very interesting question, from both a practical and an ethical viewpoint. Would it be justified to advise every patient with cholelithiasis to have the gallbladder removed in order to avoid future malignancy?…”

Isolated Scapular Metastasis in a Patient with Gallbladder Carcinoma: Case Report

“…Distant metastasis is usually by means of haematogenous spread. Anminski, in his excellent review of the various series in the world literature, reported that metastasis has been reported to virtually every organ in the body which has been corroborated by other authors [3][4][5]. The spread to various distant organs, although vascular in aetiology, probably occurs in the late stages of the disease via the systemic and retroperitoneal veins and is till recently thought to have little or no surgical significance.…”