Primary care-led weight-management intervention: qualitative insights into patient experiences at one-year follow up

Abstract

Introduction The global prevalence of overweight and obesity is continuously increasing. Long-term weight loss results remain disappointing. This study aims to identify factors and strategies for successful long-term weight loss in a primary care-led weight-loss intervention from the perspective of participants. Materials and methods This qualitative interview study is the first follow-up study in a 2-year study series of participants with overweight or obesity. Methods utilized are semi-structured interviews ( n = 20) with quantitative self-description. The data were transcribed from audio-taped interviews and analysed thematically. Results This study found that clear, continuously evolving self-monitoring strategies facilitated by strong routines and a long-term focus enhanced successful outcomes. Challenges faced included stress, disappointment and loss of routine along with external criticism and discouragement. Benefits experienced due to weight loss included improved health, self-esteem, communal support and encouragement, which continued to fuel motivation. Receiving continuous support and encouragement from healthcare practitioners was instrumental for long-term success. Conclusion This study highlighted the complex, multifaceted experiences patients encounter in the pursuit of trying to achieve long-term weight loss. Personalized treatment protocols taking into account the diverse requirements and circumstances of individuals have the potential to improve treatment outcomes. Continuous, professional support may enhance long-term outcomes.

Primary care-led weight-management intervention: qualitative insights into patient experiences at two-year follow-up

“…In order to capture the intricate nature of individual circumstances and account for the multidimensional aspects of this longitudinal study series, we utilized template analysis (Brooks et al, 2014 ) to incorporate the themes discovered in the systematic review, baseline study and one-year follow-up by the authors (Spreckley et al, 2021 , 2022 , 2023 ). As new themes emerged, they were added to the code tree.…”

“…Determining success enhancing and derailing aspects based on personal accounts of patients has the potential to inform and aid in the optimization of treatment protocols to enhance long-term outcomes. This study is building on a series of studies by the same authors including a systematic review, a baseline study and a 1-year follow up study with the same participant cohort (Spreckley et al, 2021 , 2022 , 2023 ). The discovered themes remained in line with the 1-year follow up themes, yet the importance and emphasis changed for all individuals throughout the cohort to varying degrees during the second year of the programme.…”

“…Successful, long-term weight loss maintenance was defined as having achieved and maintained ≥ 10% intentional weight loss between baseline and 2-years since successful long-term weight loss is frequently defined as consistently maintaining intentional weight loss of more than 10% for over a year (Montesi et al, 2016 ). Further details about the programme can be found in the one-year follow-up study by the authors (Spreckley et al, 2023 ).…”