Primary chimpanzee skin fibroblast cells are fully permissive for human cytomegalovirus replication

Perot, Karen; Walker, Christopher M.; Spaete, Richard R.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-73-12-3281

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous results from in vitro studies are consistent with our findings, with species-specific CMVs replicating poorly in cells from other species (33)(34)(35). In these studies, the genetic similarity between host species appeared to influence the replicative capacity of the respective CMVs, with HCMV replication being reduced only 10-fold in chimpanzee cells, compared to being nondetectable in cells from mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Absence of Frequent Herpesvirus Transmission in a Nonhuman Primate Predator-Prey System in the Wild

Murthy

Couacy‐Hymann

Metzger

et al. 2013

J Virol

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e Emergence of viruses into the human population by transmission from nonhuman primates (NHPs) represents a serious potential threat to human health that is primarily associated with the increased bushmeat trade. Transmission of RNA viruses across primate species appears to be relatively frequent. In contrast, DNA viruses appear to be largely host specific, suggesting low transmission potential. Herein, we use a primate predator-prey system to study the risk of herpesvirus transmission between different primate species in the wild. The system was comprised of western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and their primary (western red colobus, Piliocolobus badius badius) and secondary (black-and-white colobus, Colobus polykomos) prey monkey species. NHP species were frequently observed to be coinfected with multiple beta-and gammaherpesviruses (including new cytomegalo-and rhadinoviruses). However, despite frequent exposure of chimpanzees to blood, organs, and bones of their herpesvirus-infected monkey prey, there was no evidence for cross-species herpesvirus transmission. These findings suggest that interspecies transmission of NHP beta-and gammaherpesviruses is, at most, a rare event in the wild. Z oonotic transmission of animal pathogens into the human population is regarded as the major source of new human infectious disease (1-3). Such zoonoses have profoundly altered the course of human history, as reflected by the impact of the bubonic plague, Spanish flu, and HIV/AIDS on human society (4-6). Zoonoses are frequently transmitted to humans following an initial cross-species transmission into an intermediate animal host. Mechanisms underlying cross-species transmission and adaptation to new host species are far from clear but appear to be influenced by multiple factors, including the level and mode of interaction between animal reservoir/transmission source and humans, the phylogenetic relationship of these species, and the nature of the zoonotic pathogen (2,7,8). Zoonotic/enzootic cross-species transmission appears to be a relatively common characteristic of RNA viruses (8). In contrast, the efficiency of cross-species transmission for DNA viruses is unclear. For the Herpesviridae family, transmission appears to be a relatively rare event. In the few instances where virus transmission has been observed, the lack of onward transmission and the uncharacteristically highly pathogenic presentation of overt disease in the new species (e.g., ovine/caprine herpesvirus infection in free-ranging cervids and herpesvirus B in humans) suggest that herpesviruses poorly adapt to their new host environment (9-11).To date, most studies examining cross-species transmission of herpesviruses have been based on phylogenetic analysis of genomic sequences. These studies reveal well-defined genotypic groupings of alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses within the respective herpesvirus subfamilies Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae (12). This phylogenetic distribution has been interpreted as coevolution (co...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Absence of Frequent Herpesvirus Transmission in a Nonhuman Primate Predator-Prey System in the Wild

Murthy

Couacy‐Hymann

Metzger

et al. 2013

J Virol

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“…Vice versa, HCMV was reported to infect primary chimpanzee fibroblasts (Perot et al, 1992). These examples, together with the data presented here, may indicate that primate CMVs are not exclusively species-specific and have the potential to transmit horizontally to hosts related closely to their natural host.…”

Section: Novel Cytomegaloviruses In Great Apessupporting

confidence: 61%

Novel cytomegaloviruses in free-ranging and captive great apes: phylogenetic evidence for bidirectional horizontal transmission

Leendertz

Deckers

Schempp

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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Wild great apes often suffer from diseases of unknown aetiology. This is among the causes of population declines. Because human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen, especially in immunocompromised individuals, a search for cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) in deceased wild and captive chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans was performed. By using a degenerate PCR targeting four conserved genes (UL54-UL57), several distinct, previously unrecognized CMVs were found for each species. Sequences of up to 9 kb were determined for ten novel CMVs, located in the UL54-UL57 block. A phylogenetic tree was inferred for the ten novel CMVs, the previously characterized chimpanzee CMV, HCMV strains and Old World and New World monkey CMVs. The primate CMVs fell into four clades, containing New World monkey, Old World monkey, orang-utan and human CMVs, respectively, plus two clades that each contained both chimpanzee and gorilla isolates (termed CG1 and CG2). The tree loci of the first four clades mirrored those for their respective hosts in the primate tree, suggesting that these CMV lineages arose through cospeciation with host lineages. The CG1 and CG2 loci corresponded to those of the gorilla and chimpanzee hosts, respectively. This was interpreted as indicating that CG1 and CG2 represented CMV lineages that had arisen cospeciationally with the gorilla and chimpanzee lineages, respectively, with subsequent transfer within each clade between the host genera. Divergence dates were estimated and found to be consistent with overall cospeciational development of major primate CMV lineages. However, CMV transmission between chimpanzees and gorillas in both directions has also occurred.

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“…However, viral replication is nonpermissive in these systems [82], As an exception to this rule. cultured chimpanzee fibroblasts are reported to produce progeny virus after infection with HCMV strain Towne [83].…”

Section: Hcmv-infected Cell Types In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism and Pathogenesis

Sinzger¹,

Jahn²

1996

Intervirology

179

178

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The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause lifelong infection with episodes of endogenous reactivation. Intrauterine fetal infection and infection of immunocompromised patients are well known to result in significant morbidity. Studies on HCMV cell tropism in vivo revealed three characteristics: (1) ubiquitously distributed cell types such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts are the major targets of HCMV infection; (2) leukocytes circulating in the peripheral blood are susceptible to the virus, and (3) specialized parenchymal cells such as smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract and hepatocytes can also be infected. Questions to be resolved are, how the virus spreads throughout the organism, how it can impair the function of infected organs, and how it evades the host’s immune response to establish lifelong infection. This chapter is focused on the role of HCMV-infected target cells for the pathogenesis of HCMV-associated disease in the acutely infected immunocompromised host.

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Primary chimpanzee skin fibroblast cells are fully permissive for human cytomegalovirus replication

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Absence of Frequent Herpesvirus Transmission in a Nonhuman Primate Predator-Prey System in the Wild

Absence of Frequent Herpesvirus Transmission in a Nonhuman Primate Predator-Prey System in the Wild

Novel cytomegaloviruses in free-ranging and captive great apes: phylogenetic evidence for bidirectional horizontal transmission

Human Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism and Pathogenesis

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