Primary cutaneous B‐Cell lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting with solitary scalp mass in a female child: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Lymphoblastic lymphoma is a group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas that account for approximately 2% of all lymphomas. This is a report of a case of a young girl presenting with a solitary scalp mass which was resected. Histopathological examination of the mass along with bone marrow analysis revealed primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. A nine-year-old girl presenting with an asymptomatic erythematous, non-tender scalp mass present for 12 months was admitted. Skull and brain were intact and devoid of any pathological findings on computed tomography imaging. Systemic examination also showed no evidence F I G U R E 4 Immunohistochemistry study: TdT marker is strongly positive in tumor cells. (400×).

Precursor B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting as concurrent enlarging masses on the scalp and postauricular region in a 13‐year‐old boy

“…Immunohistochemically, the lymphoblasts typically express markers such as TdT, cytoplasmic CD79a, and CD19, indicating an early B-lymphoid lineage. [2][3][4] This case highlights the significance of considering pB-LBL as a potential diagnosis when encountering progressively enlarging scalp masses in children. Early identification is critical, as prompt initiation of multi-agent chemotherapy often leads to a favorable prognosis, with reported 5-year overall survival rates reaching up to 90%.…”

“…PB-LBL is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that arises from immature B lymphocytes, constituting only 1% of all hematological malignancies in children. [1][2][3][4] It primarily affects children and adolescents, with a slight male preponderance. [2][3][4] PB-LBL often manifests in localized extramedullary sites, including lymph nodes, bones, skin, and mediastinum.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] It primarily affects children and adolescents, with a slight male preponderance. [2][3][4] PB-LBL often manifests in localized extramedullary sites, including lymph nodes, bones, skin, and mediastinum. [1][2][3] In pB-LBL, the occurrence of skin or subcutaneous involvement in the head and neck region, along with lymph node participation, is uncommon, observed in 4.7% of cases.…”

“…[2][3][4] PB-LBL often manifests in localized extramedullary sites, including lymph nodes, bones, skin, and mediastinum. [1][2][3] In pB-LBL, the occurrence of skin or subcutaneous involvement in the head and neck region, along with lymph node participation, is uncommon, observed in 4.7% of cases. 1 It typically presents as multiple red-to-purple nodules/masses.…”

“…These include other NHL, hemangioma, lymphangioma, neurofibroma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, desmoid tumors, cranial fasciitis, and kimura disease. 3,5 Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical studies are necessary for an accurate diagnosis. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoblasts typically express markers such as TdT, cytoplasmic CD79a, and CD19, indicating an early B-lymphoid lineage.…”