Primary Dermal Melanoma in a Patient with a History of Multiple Malignancies: A Case Report with Molecular Characterization

Sini, Germana; Colombino, Maria; Lissia, Amelia; Maxia, Sara; Gulino, Marcello; Paliogiannis, Panagiotis; Palomba, Grazia; Palmieri, Giuseppe; Cossu, Antonio; Rubino, Corrado

doi:10.1159/000354032

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Breast cancer and skin cancer. Twelve cases of tumors involving the skin and the breast in the same person have been described (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21); in particular, only two cases (11,12) presented the coexistence of squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer, similarly to our case, which turns out to be the third case report documented since 1980. As discussed by Pastore et al (12), our patient presented a synchronism of a wide squamous cell carcinoma of the right breast synchronous to a right breast cancer.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturesupporting

confidence: 72%

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Breast Cancer and Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Luca

Frusone

Vergine

et al. 2019

In Vivo

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Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are multiple tumors with different pathogenetic origin. They may be synchronous or metachronous. The management of these conditions represents an interesting clinical scenario. A crucial aspect is the decision regarding which tumor to treat initially, and how to schedule further treatments according to individual tumor risk. This process involves a multidisciplinary physician team to ensure favorable outcomes. We describe a case report of a female patient affected by primary synchronous tumors of the breast and pectoral skin, which raised a series of diagnostic, etiological and therapeutic issues persuading us to carry out a critical review of the literature. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs), or multiple primary cancers, are defined as multiple tumors with different pathogenetic origin. The phenomenon of MPMN was first described by Billroth at the end of the 19th century (1) and since then several cases of double or even triple primary malignant neoplasms have been reported (1-3). Neoplasms can be synchronous or metachronous and may appear in a single organ or in multiple organs concurrently. According to Moertel (2), synchronous neoplasms are defined as those that occur within 6 months from the diagnosis of a previous malignant tumor, and metachronous neoplasms are defined as neoplasms that appear 6 months after the first diagnosed tumor (2). Despite many changes in the definition have been proposed, the diagnosis of MPMNs that is widely accepted is based on the criteria described by Warren and Gates (3). These criteria require that: (i) each tumor must have a clear picture and histological confirmation of malignancy; (ii) each tumor must be topographically distinct and separated by healthy mucosa (at least 2 cm of normal mucosa between two tumors of the same region); (iii) the lesions must be not metastases of each other (3). In this report, we describe our recent observation and treatment of a female patient affected by primary synchronous tumors of the breast and pectoral skin. This combination, to the best of our knowledge, has never been previously reported in the literature, and it raised a series of diagnostic, etiological and therapeutic issues persuading us to carry out a critical review of the literature.

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Section: Review Of the Literaturesupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Breast carcinoma and nervous system tumors. The association between breast cancer and primitive brain tumor lesions is weak and less frequent (16,48,49).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer and Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Luca

Frusone

Vergine

et al. 2019

In Vivo

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“…In 2014, Sidiropoulos et al (7) used a melanoma gene expression-profiling test to demonstrate that, compared with metastatic melanoma, PDM was more commonly associated with a favourable gene expression profile. Apart from the present case report, no reports have shown evidence of BRAF mutations in PDM (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…More recently, several studies have revealed the molecular features of PDM (4)(5)(6)(7). Gene mutation analyses in PDM have not found any mutations in the MAPK pathway genes (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Giant Primary Dermal Melanoma with BRAF V600E Mutation

Imamura¹,

Nakamura²,

Teramoto³

et al. 2014

Acta Derm Venerol

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“…In addition, PK-M2 is subjected to postranslational modifi cations, such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, nitrosylation, methylation, acetylation, lipidation, and proteolysis, that infl uence its activity. Moreover, it has been described as a nuclear function of PK-M2 where it coactivates catenin to induce cMyc, Glut1, and LDHA, which contribute to the Warburg effect ( 18 ).…”

Section: Cancer Cell Metabolic Reprogrammingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtargeting cancer metabolism: opening new therapeutic windows based on lipid metabolism

Cedrón

Molina

2016

Journal of Lipid Research

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and fl exibility to adapt to the microenvironment (oxygen, pH, and nutrient availability) ( 2-4 ).MicroRNAs are small single-stranded noncoding RNAs (19-25 nucleotides) that posttranscriptionally repress the expression of mRNAs implicated in nearly all cellular processes, such as cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, stemness, differentiation, angiogenesis, infl ammation, drug resistance, stress response, transformation, and migration. MicroRNAs are frequently deregulated in cancer and so they are important biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of the cellular outcome ( 5,6 ) Importantly, individual microRNAs, combinations of microRNAs, or even artifi cial microRNAs can specifi cally be designed to affect entire biological pathways ( 7,8 ), and this makes them good candidates for therapeutic intervention compared with classical single target approaches.In this review, we briefl y describe the altered cancer cell metabolism, and then we discuss the use of microRNAs as modulators of specifi c metabolic pathways in cancer (summarized in Fig. 1 ). We note the promising potentiallity of microRNAs for therapeutic intervention toward the altered lipid metabolism in cancer (summarized in Fig. 2 ). In an attempt to open new therapeutic windows, we emphasize two exciting scenarios for microRNA-mediated intervention that need to be further explored: 1 ) the cooperation between FA biosynthesis (lipogenesis) and FA oxidation (FAO) as a survival mechanism in cancer; and 2 ) the regulation of the intracellular lipid content in the Abstract Metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a hallmark of cancer. MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally repress the expression of target mRNAs implicated in multiple physiological processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, and cancer. MicroRNAs can affect entire biological pathways, making them good candidates for therapeutic intervention compared with classical single target approaches. Moreover, microRNAs may become more relevant in the fi ne-tuning adaptation to stress situations, such as oncogenic events, hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, artifi cial microRNAs can be designed to modulate the expression of multiple targets of a specifi c pathway. In this review, we describe the metabolic reprogramming associated to cancer, with a special interest in the altered lipid metabolism. Next, we describe specifi c features of microRNAs that make them relevant to target cancer cell metabolism. Finally, in an attempt to open new therapeutic windows, we emphasize two exciting scenarios for microRNA-mediated intervention that need to be further explored: 1 ) the cooperation between FA biosynthesis (lipogenesis) and FA oxidation as complementary partners for the survival of cancer cells; and 2 ) the regulation of the intracellular lipid content modulating both lipid storage into lipid droplets, and lipid mobilization through lipolysis and/or lipophagy. metabolism is interrupted, they may rely on glucose-dependent anaplerosis of the TCA cycle ( 11 ). This...

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Primary Dermal Melanoma in a Patient with a History of Multiple Malignancies: A Case Report with Molecular Characterization

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Breast Cancer and Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Breast Cancer and Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors: Case Report and Review of the Literature

A Case of Giant Primary Dermal Melanoma with BRAF V600E Mutation

Microtargeting cancer metabolism: opening new therapeutic windows based on lipid metabolism

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