Primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the ovary in a 4‐year‐old girl

Primary Ovarian Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Dog

“…Primary ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma is rare in people (Barris and Shaw, 1929;Chan et al, 1989;Allende and Yang, 2008;Cribbs et al, 2008) and has not been described previously in domestic animals. Areas of rhabdomyosarcomatous transformation can be observed within malignant mixed mesodermal tumours, teratomas or SertolieLeydig cell tumours (Scully, 1979).…”

“…In man and animals rhabdomyosarcomas are classified as embryonal, botryoid, alveolar or pleomorphic on the basis of microscopical appearance (Cooper and Valentine, 2002). Human rhabdomyosarcomas generally arise in the head, neck and extremities (MacArthur et al, 1992;Casanova et al, 2009;Aslam et al, 2010;Bolger et al, 2010;Wagemans et al, 2010); however, rhabdomyosarcomas can also arise in organs that do not have striated muscle such as the genitourinary tract, including the ovaries (Barris and Shaw, 1929;Chan et al, 1989;Allende and Yang, 2008;Childs et al, 2008;Cribbs et al, 2008;Fadare et al, 2010). In domestic animals there have been reports of rhabdomyosarcoma in the genitourinary tract (Kim et al, 1996;Kuwamura et al, 1998;Suzuki et al, 2006;Bae et al, 2007), but not in the ovaries.…”

“…Areas of rhabdomyosarcomatous transformation can be observed within malignant mixed mesodermal tumours, teratomas or SertolieLeydig cell tumours (Scully, 1979). Although the histogenesis of ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma is not understood, the likely origin is in the undifferentiated mesenchyme, which has totipotential properties, including differentiation to skeletal muscle (Barris and Shaw, 1929;Chan et al, 1989).…”

Primary ovarian rhabdomosarcoma

“…Later on, Cribbs10 reported two cases of paediatric primary ovarian RMS. Chan et al 11 and Nunez et al 12 also reported one case each of primary ovarian RMS in their case reports.…”

Primary ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma in children

“…In 1998, Nielsen et al identified a total of ten cases in the English literature and added 13 from their institution, for a total of six pediatric cases [5], including three of their own, one of the three cases previously reviewed by Guerard et al, and one case each reported by Chan et al [6] and Nunez et al [7]. Combined with the two foreign-language reports reviewed by Guerard and the six English reports reviewed by Nielsen, our two cases bring the total reported number of pediatric cases to ten.…”