Primary Gougerot-Sjogren Syndrome at the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes: Epidemiological, Clinical and Immunological Aspects

Abstract

Introduction: Gougerot Sjögren's syndrome (GSS) is a connective tissue disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands, and systemic manifestations of an immuno-inflammatory nature. This infiltration is predominant in the salivary and lacrimal glands, responsible for dry mouth and eyes. Clinically, the dry syndrome characteristic of SS may be mild or even absent, and extra glandular systemic manifestations may be the main circumstance in which this connective tissue is discovered. The diagnosis is based on a bundle of arguments, clinical, histological and immunological. SS is characterized by the fairly frequent presence of autoantibodies whose diagnostic value is indisputable, and some of which testify to the activity of the disease. In addition, these autoantibodies may have a correlation with certain organ damage as well as certain progressive forms. The objective of this work is to determine, through a retrospective and comparative study, the epidemiological, clinical and immunological characteristics of patients with primary Gougerot Sjögren's syndrome (SGSp) followed in the internal medicine department of the Military Hospital. Moulay Ismail from Meknes (HMIM), Morocco. Patients and Methods: We report a retrospective study of patients with primary Gougerot-Sjörgen syndrome followed in the internal medicine department of the Moulay Ismail military hospital (Meknes), over a period of 08 years (January 2010 - December 2018). All patients meeting AECG diagnostic criteria were included. Results: 13 cases of S.G.Sp are collected. There was a clear predominance of the female sex, with 12 women (92.3%) and 01 man (7.69%), sex ratio (F/M=12/1). The average age at diagnosis was 48 years with extremes ranging from 20 to 60 years? The clinical picture was dominated by dry syndrome in 100% of cases associated with inflammatory polyarthralgia found in 76.9% of cases. The immunological profile was variable with positive ANA in 61.5% of cases, .......