Primary healthcare services and maternal mortality in Ugep

Abstract

This paper focusses on pregnancy related deaths which is a contemporary issue in modern day Nigeria. Maternal Mortality is more pronounced in Ugep, Cross River State with the maternal mortality ratio of l200/100,000 which is higher than the national figure of 1100/100,000 (Nigerian Partnership for Safe Motherhood, 2018). In Nigeria, about 75 % of women die as a result of these complications either during the course of giving birth or the week preceding delivery (Choudhry, 2012). Recent statistics shows that Maternal deaths account for 32% of all deaths among women age 15–49 in Nigeria. The maternal mortality rate for the seven-year period preceding NDHS 2013 survey was 1.05 maternal deaths per 1000 women. The maternal mortality ratio was 576 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. The lifetime risk of maternal death indicates that out of every 30 women in Nigeria, one will have a death related to pregnancy or childbearing (NDHS, 2013). Statistics further revealed that pregnancy complications in 2012 led to the death of over 52,000 women in Nigeria (Dada, 2016). Maternal Mortality in the seven years preceding the National Demographic Health Survey in 2013 records the figure of live births to be 575 per 100,000, which implies that for one single pregnancy complications resulting to death, more than 20 others are confronted with disabilities which may last a life time, (NDHS, 2013). The theoretical application combines aspects of the Environmental Precedence Theory, Rational Choice Theory and the Health Belief Model (HBM) to explain core variables of the relationship between maternal health practices and pregnancy outcomes. Several conclusions were inferred from the application of sociological theories to the chosen contemporary issue.

The sources of the Kuznets relationship between the COVID-19 mortality rate and economic performance

“…This finding suggests that the improvement of the healthcare system has a notable effect on lowering the COVID-19 mortality rate under more effective government conditions. This result is consistent with previous studies that indicated improvements in healthcare service could reduce the number of mortalities, such as traffic mortalities [ 6 , 93 ] and maternal mortalities [ 94 ]. However, this study further explores the healthcare effect on the COVID-19 mortality rate under different government effectiveness levels.…”

Challenges in Obstetric Morbidity and Mortality, With Special Reference to India: A Literature Review

“…Basic and emergency obstetric care, which are critical determinants of maternal health and birth outcomes (Bhutta et al, 2014; Chinwah et al, 2020), remains underutilised in many low and middle-income nations. Most of the deaths in these countries from direct causes of maternal mortality are preventable if regular antenatal and postnatal interventions and institutional delivery are made available and easily accessible to women (Arisukwu et al, 2021; Montagu et al, 2011). A Nigerian study emphasised that the quality of maternal health services, especially the structural dimension (resources in health facilities), the process of care, and kind of interface a woman and her family share with health professionals regulate women’s perceptions of antenatal care and influence the subjective perception of benefit or need of a formal system, which is considered as the key driver of utilisation (Peet & Okeke, 2019).…”