Primary HIV drug resistance among newly HIV type-1 diagnosed patients in St. Petersburg

Ингабире, Т.; Семенов, А В; Эсауленко, Е. В.; Зуева, Е. В.; Щемелев, А. Н.; Бушманова, А. Д.

doi:10.22328/2077-9828-2021-13-1-70-79

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…NRTI and NNRTI resistance mutations have occurred at similar rates, in many cases together, causing resistance to most reverse transcriptase inhibitors. A similar pattern of HIV DR mutations is found both in patients with primary drug resistance in Russia and in patients with newly diagnosed HIV and ART failure in some neighboring countries [ 13 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Detection of Patient HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District in Patients with Treatment Failure

et al. 2022

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is currently a combination of three (less frequently four) antiretroviral drugs; these target pathways involved in various stages of HIV replication in the body. Treatment failure is a problem facing doctors and patients using HAART. The most common cause of therapeutic failure is the development of HIV drug resistance. The emergence of resistance is associated with processes involving mutation occurring in the viral genome under the influence of evolutionary factors. Sequencing reactions were performed using the AmpliSens HIV Resist-Seq. Assembly of consensus sequences from fragments obtained during sequencing was carried out using Unipro UGENE softwar. Isolate genotyping was performed using the MEGA-X software with the Neighbor-joining algorithm. According to the analysis, 72.05% of patients had at least one significant mutation associated with drug resistance for the corresponding viral subtype. HIV-1 A6 remains the predominant HIV-1 genetic variant in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District. Among samples with drug resistance mutations, in all cases, mutations associated with pharmacological resistance to two or three drug groups were found. Given the high incidence of resistance mutations in patients on ineffective ART, surveillance of HIV-1 drug resistance, in both ART-receiving and ART-naive individuals, appears necessary. A lack of vigilance and control measures may lead to the spread of primary ART-resistant HIV strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Detection of Patient HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District in Patients with Treatment Failure

et al. 2022

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Alarming Rise of Primary HIV Drug Resistance in Major Regions of Russia

Kireev,

Kirichenko,

Lebedev

et al. 2023

CHR

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Objective:: The study aimed to compare the prevalence of surveillance HIV drug resistance mutations (SDRMs) across the main federal districts of Russia. Methods:: A pooled analysis was conducted to examine data on HIV primary drug resistance (HIV PrimDR). The analysis was based on published results primarily from Russian regional clinical and scientific laboratories, covering a span of 20 years. Results:: The findings indicate that three surveyed regions, namely Central, Far Eastern, and Volga, exhibit a low level of HIV PrimDR prevalence (not exceeding 5%), and this prevalence does not show a tendency to increase. In contrast, three major regions, namely Northwestern, Southern, and Siberian, demonstrate a significant and progressive increase in HIV PrimDR prevalence, with recent values surpassing 10%. Conclusion:: Consequently, it was concluded that a change in the HIV treatment strategy in these regions is imperative, emphasizing the need to expedite the transition to the utilization of secondgeneration integrase inhibitors.

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Genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 in Leningrad Region

Щемелев¹,

Семенов²,

Ostankova³

et al. 2022

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Introduction. The spread of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has become a global concern and has approached the pandemic status. St. Petersburg, a major transportation, tourist, cultural, industrial center, and a border city, is characterized by high migration of the population. The growing number of migrants can contribute to importation and spread of new genetic variants of the virus and trigger recombination processes in the virus population in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.The aim is to characterize the present-day HIV-1 subtype-specific profile and drug-resistance mutations among patients with virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Leningrad Region.Materials and methods. The study performed in 2016–2018 was based on clinical material from HIV-infected individuals living in the Leningrad Region and having confirmed virological failure on ART. The genetic diversity and distribution of drug-resistance mutations of the HIV-1 isolates were assessed through analysis of nucleotide sequences of the virus pol gene fragment that included regions encoding protease and the reverse transcriptase region.Results. In the group (n = 138), most of the patients had sub-subtype A6 (97.4%) common in Russia, though a few patients had subtype B and a recombinant containing circulating recombinant form CRF_03AB and sub-subtype A1. The tests showed that 95.79% of patients had at least one significant drug-resistance mutation; in most cases (73%) the virus was resistant to 2 classes of antiretroviral drugs and in some cases (8%) — to 3 classes. A total of 105 different drug-resistance mutations were found at 35 positions of the virus genome.Conclusions. The high prevalence of HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations among ART patients with virological failure calls attention to surveillance of drug resistance of the virus both among ART-experienced patients and ARTnaïve individuals.

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Primary HIV drug resistance among newly HIV type-1 diagnosed patients in St. Petersburg

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Detection of Patient HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District in Patients with Treatment Failure

Detection of Patient HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District in Patients with Treatment Failure

Alarming Rise of Primary HIV Drug Resistance in Major Regions of Russia

Genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 in Leningrad Region

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