Primary identifications and palynological observations ofPerillain China

Abstract

Unresolved controversies concerning the classification of the monotypic genus Perilla L. have hindered the complete understanding and subsequent sustainable use of these vital food, oil, and medicinal plants to their full potential. In the present study, we used scanning electron microscopy to obtain palynological evidence from 21 samples of Perilla plants from seven provinces in China as a potential further attribute for classification. The findings showed that pollen grains from plants of 11 samples were oblate, whereas those of the other 10 were suboblate; there were no prolate pollen grains observed. Pollen grains from all samples had diverse exine ornamentations. Based on whether they had continuous tecta on the ornamentations, the pollen grains from the 21 samples were classified into two categories: (i) 14 with irregular reticulates; and (ii) seven with continuous tecta with no perforations. None of the samples was bireticulate. The ornamentation pattern and size of pollen grains jointly provided evidence that it is appropriate for use in classifying the genus Perilla into five varieties of one species. Furthermore, by comparison, it is concluded that the shapes and exine ornamentations of Perilla are unique among those of the seven genera already investigated in the subfamily Lamioideae. Using these pollen features, Perilla can be easily distinguished from the two other subtribes (Menthinae Briq. and Thyminae Briq.) in the same tribe, supporting the view that Perilla and the other four related genera can be classified into one subtribe (Perillinae).

Influence of refining processes on the bioactive composition, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and their correlation of perilla seed oil

“…Perilla ( Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.) is classified as a member of the family Lamiaceae, subfamily Lamioideae, tribe Saturejeae, and subtribe Perillinae (Hu et al., 2010). Perilla is a plant native to Asian countries, such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand, and it is used as a traditional medicine and functional food (Igarashi & Miyazaki, 2013).…”

Characterization of fatty acid composition from five perilla seed oils in China and its relationship to annual growth temperature

“…The genus Perilla belongs to the mint family (Lamiaceae). However, taxonomic nomenclature of Perilla is controversial (Park et al, 2008;Hu et al, 2010). Its recognized species vary from one (Li, 1974;Koezuka et al, 1985;Misra and Husain, 1987) to two (Pei, 1955) or four (Li, 1977).…”

Comprehensive evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of Perilla frutescens leaves extract and isolation of free radical scavengers using step-wise HSCCC guided by DPPH-HPLC

“…[8][9][10] The seeds of perilla are commonly used for oil extraction. [5] Its young raw leaves are often used in salads, sushi, and soup, as well as for pickles, condiment, garnishes, and food colorants. [8,11] Its essential oils show anti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-hyperlipidemia, and antimicrobial activities and are also used in perfumes, soaps, detergents, and cosmetics.…”

“…[3,4] Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt (PF), commonly referred to as perilla, is an annual short-day plant belonging to the mint family Lamiaceae, which is primarily cultivated and consumed in Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan. [5][6][7] Perilla is an important crop source of oil and edible vegetable with many beneficial properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-carcinogenic effects, and antioxidant. [8][9][10] The seeds of perilla are commonly used for oil extraction.…”