Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Following surgical excision and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the patient has remained disease-free for 18 months. The literature is reviewed and the possible association of the chronic subdurals to the later development of the leiomyosarcoma explored.

Primary intracranial β-human chorionic gonadotropin–producing leiomyosarcoma in a 2-year-old immunocompetent child

“…4,6,9,11,19,21,26,28 In many of the reported cases of intracranial LMS, there is a history of EBV infection prior to the onset of LMS tumorigenesis. 6,14 The occurrence of LMS in immunocompetent patients is extremely rare.…”

“…A few other cases of young children (age range 4-9 years) with primary intracranial LMS are documented in the literature, 15,21,24 although their immune status was not always detailed. Due in part to the rarity of primary intracranial LMS, there is no standard treatment regimen.…”

Primary Intracranial Leiomyosarcoma: Review of the Literature and Presentation of a Case

“…Mathiesonetal. [27]describedthecaseofa5-year-oldboywho presentedwithfrontalintraparenchymalLMSassociatedwith chronic subdural hematoma. In this study, they postulated thatthetumormighthavearisenfromsmoothmusclecellsin themembraneofthehematomastimulatedbychronicinflammatory changes.…”

“…Another 4 (10.8%) patients developed radiation-induced intracranial LMS [6,10,19,25],andtheirmeanintervalfrominitialirradiationtopresentationofLMSwas22.3±3.6years(range17-25 years). 3 patients were previously diagnosed with a brain lesion and developed LMS up to 9 years later (mean 3.8±4.6years) [9,27,29].Datafortheremaining7patients werenotavailable.…”

“…Of the 20/37 (54.1%) patients who received postoperative radiotherapy, the dosage, fractionation, administration methods, and tumor responses achieved were not well documented. For7/37(18.9%)patientswhoreceived chemotherapy, the chemotherapy regimens included the administration of vincristineandprocarbazine [13],doxorubicinalone [17,23],acombinationof ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide [26], a combination of vincristine, ifosfamide,doxorubicin,andetoposide [27], orgemcitabinealone [28].…”