Primary leiomyosarcoma of the femur

Goto, Takahiro; Ishida, Toru; Motoi, Noriko; Yokokura, Satoshi; Kawano, Hirotaka; Yamamoto, Aiichiro; Matsuda, Koichi; Yamamoto, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/s007760200045

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Tumor emboli were evident in the blood vessels of the lung. Another possibility we could not rule out with regard to the tumor cell origin is from blood vessel in the bone marrow of the long bone, as infrequently reported in humans [7,10,19,20], but it was unlikely in the present case on the basis of the metastatic nodules in the bone marrow. Taken together, the gross, histological, and immunohistochemical findings strongly support a diagnosis of primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma of the hind leg which metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm.…”

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confidence: 57%

Primary Subcutaneous Leiomyosarcoma of the Hamster Hind Leg

Kim

Yoon

2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. We report the first case of a primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma that originated in the hind leg of a hamster and metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm. A 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster was presented with a large, firm, white subcutaneous mass in the right hind leg. The tumor invaded into the bone marrow and small nodules were also present in the lung and diaphragm; however, no tumor masses were found in the visceral organs. Histologically, the tumors were spindle cell sarcomas, composed of densely packed pleomorphic spindle cells with oval to elongate nuclei and moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin, but negative for α-sarcomeric actin and S-100. Thus, the diagnosis was primary leiomyosarcoma of the hind leg with metastasis to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma of the hind leg with distant metastasis in laboratory animals. KEY WORDS: hamster, hind leg, subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 70(5): 517-520, 2008 Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of smooth muscle origin, characterized by broad interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells with elongate nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Leiomyosarcoma also shows malignant phenotypes such as pleomorphism, invasion, a relatively high mitotic index, necrosis, and metastasis [6]. This smooth muscle cell tumor may occur at any site in the body, because smooth muscle cells are widely distributed in every tissue and organ. Visceral organs, especially the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and genital tract, have been shown to be relatively common sites for spontaneous leiomyosarcoma in domestic and experimental animals [5,10,12,13,15,18,21]. Leiomyosarcoma rarely occurs in other organs; only a few cases of leiomyosarcoma in the oral cavity, esophagus, and urinary bladder have been reported in domestic animals and mice [4,6,11,15,17].Cutaneous or subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare in animals. Although it has been reported infrequently in dogs, cats, ferrets, and monkeys [2,3,6,14,16], there have been no reports in laboratory animals. The cutaneous or subcutaneous development of this tumor usually occurs on the head or neck as a solitary dermal mass in animals, and metastasis is uncommon [6,14].In the present study, we describe a case of primary leiomyosarcoma in the hind leg of a hamster, which metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm.The 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster presented in this study was housed at the animal facility of Kangwon National University and had been used for breeding. The hamster exhibited ataxia and behavioral coordination failure as a result of a large mass in the right hind leg.The hamster was sacrificed under ether anesthesia, and necropsy revealed a firm, whitish, large mass, measuring 50 × 50 mm, in the subcutaneous region of the hind leg, surr...

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confidence: 57%

Primary Subcutaneous Leiomyosarcoma of the Hamster Hind Leg

Kim

Yoon

2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Generally, it is felt that there is an equal distribution between the sexes for primary leiomyosarcomas [2, 7, 8]; however, our series reflects a slight male predominance, as do several other smaller studies [9, 11, 12]. In terms of tumour locality, our cohort agreed with the consensus that long bones are primarily affected, predominantly the distal femur and proximal tibia with 45% and 26% of patients, respectively [2, 5, 13, 14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Leiomyosarcoma of Bone: Analysis of Prognosis

Brewer

Sumathi

Grimer

et al. 2012

Sarcoma

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Leiomyosarcoma of bone is just one of the variants of spindle cell sarcoma of bone characterised by the expression of desmin and other markers indicating a significant element of smooth muscle in the tumour, without osteoid production we have investigated the management and outcome of this rare type of primary malignant bone tumour. Method. Retrospective review of data stored on a prospective database. Results. In a database of 3364 patients with primary malignant bone sarcomas, 31 patients were identified with a primary leiomyosarcoma of bone. There were 12 males and 19 females with a mean age of 46 and tumour size of 8 cm. The most common site was the distal femur followed by the proximal tibia. Treatment was with chemotherapy and surgical resection. Seven of the patients had metastases at diagnosis. Surgery was carried out in 28 patients, 8 having amputation and 20 limb salvage. Three patients developed local recurrence, but half developed metastases. All patient disease-specific survival was 57% at five years and 44% at 10 yrs but for those without metastases was 82% and 60%, respectively. The only prognostic factors were metastases at diagnosis. Conclusion. Leiomyosarcoma of bone is a very rare primary malignant bone tumour affecting a predominantly older population. Despite the high incidence of metastases, survival is better than for other bone sarcomas for those without metastases at diagnosis.

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“…3,4,9,17 Pathologic fracture may be an associated finding in about 20% of cases. 1 Bone scintigraphy shows increased uptake of the lesion. 9,18 The metaphyseal region is the typical site involved in the long bones, 1,12 often with associated epiphyseal (80%) 9,10,17,19 or diaphyseal extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the last 2 decades it has been described as a clinicopathologic entity distinct from other osseous spindle cell sarcomas with the help of electron microscopic and immunohistochemical staining. 1,3,6,9,[12][13][14] The most frequently involved sites are the femur and tibia (around the knee) 1-3,6,8-16 followed by the ilium and humerus. Although leiomyosarcoma has been reported in patients as young as 9 years old, the mean age for this tumor in serial studies is about 50 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%