Primary Malignant Melanoma of Esophagus

Al-Karawi, Mohamed A.; Mohamed, Sarar; Macdougall, C. A.

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.1994.348

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…5 In November 2002 Volpin et al, 6 updated the review of the world literature on this subject, starting from the previous works of Sabanathan et al, 4 Taniyama et al, 7 and Joob et al, 8 and established the total number of cases reported up to early 2001 at 238, beginning in 1906 when a case of melanoma in the esophagus was first observed by Baur. 9 There are an additional 9 cases by several investigators, dating back to the 1990s, which escaped previous calculations and are also to be included, that is, 1 case each reported by Loftus et al, 10 Al-Karawi et al, 11 Deligeorgi-Politi and Kairi-Vassilatou, 12 Chan and Nambiar, 13 Kinuya et al, 14 Simonov et al, 15 and 3 cases by Lam et al 16 On the basis of a computerized (PuMed/Medline) bibliography search, from January 2000 to the end of October 2010, we retrieved a total of 96 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus from which, after subtracting 6, 17-22 from the overlapping 2000 to 2001 period, which were already included in the review of Volpin et al, 6 90 were considered genuinely new (Table 1). Adding these 2 sets of 9 and 90 cases, from the last decade of the past century and from the first decade of this current one, respectively, the grand total amounts to 337 cases ever published.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Bisceglia

Perri

Tucci

et al. 2011

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

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Primary malignant melanoma originating in the digestive tract is particularly rare, mainly affecting the anorectum and oral cavity. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus has been the subject mostly of case reports. This tumor has a dismal prognosis with a frequency estimated to be approximately 0.1% to 0.2% of all esophageal malignancies. According to the review by Volpin et al of November 2002, 238 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus have been published up to early 2001. We present an additional case of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus of the amelanotic variant in a 69-year-old man. The patient was preoperatively investigated by esophageal endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound. The surgically resected tumor specimen was examined histologically and supplemented by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis. Intra-abdominal relapse occurred after 8 months at the site of surgery, necessitating repeat resection. The patient died of advanced intra-abdominal disease 14 months after the primary diagnosis. A comprehensive computerized (PubMed/Medline) review of the world literature was also carried out and 99 additional cases (after the review by Volpin et al) were found, 9 of them from the 1990s which escaped previous tabulations, and 90 from the years 2000 to 2010, amounting to a grand total of 337 ever published.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Bisceglia

Perri

Tucci

et al. 2011

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

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“…Over the next nine years (1993 to 2002), another 50 papers [ 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 ] reported 62 cases of PMME, with some peculiarities represented, among others, by another case of amelanotic PMME [ 106 ] by Loftus et al, and then a case of PMME with a massive hememesis [ 108 ] in which it was emphasized th...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thousand Faces of Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review of the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Cazzato

Cascardi

Colagrande

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus (PMME) is an extremely rare cancer of the esophagus, accounting for 0.1–0.8% of all oro-esophageal cancers and <0.05% of all melanoma subtypes, with an estimated incidence of 0.0036 cases per million/year. We conduct a careful analysis of the literature starting from 1906 to the beginning of 2022, searching the PubMed, Science.gov, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. A total of 457 records were initially identified in the literature search, of which 17 were duplicates. After screening for eligibility and inclusion criteria, 303 publications were ultimately included, related to 347 patients with PMME. PMME represents a very rare entity whose very existence has been the subject of debate for a long time. Over time, an increasing number of cases have been reported in the literature, leading to an increase in knowledge and laying the foundations for a discussion on the treatment of this pathology, which still remains largely represented by surgery. In recent times, the possibility of discovering greater mutations in gene hotspots has made it possible to develop new therapeutic strategies of which nivolumab is an example. Future studies with large case series, with clinicopathological and molecular data, will be necessary to improve the outcome of patients with PMME.

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Esophageal melanoma: a systematic review and exploratory recurrence and survival analysis

Schizas

Mylonas

Bagias

et al. 2019

Diseases of the Esophagus

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SUMMARY Esophageal melanoma is a rare and poorly described malignancy. We sought to review all available data on the clinicopathological features, management options, and outcomes of patients with esophageal melanoma to guide clinicians working to treat these uncommon tumors. A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed. Exploratory recurrence and survival analyses were performed using previously-validated pooled Cox and logistic regression techniques for case reports and case series. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the tools developed by the Joanna Briggs and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institutes. Fifty-nine studies were reviewed. A total of 93 patients with esophageal melanoma were identified. The mean patient age was 61.2 ± 10.6 years. Esophageal melanoma usually developed at the lower esophagus (48.4%). 90.3% of the patients were symptomatic at presentation, with dysphagia being the most common symptom (72%). Esophagectomy was performed in 91.4% of the patients. Postoperatively, 14 patients (15.1%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor recurrence was seen in 37 patients (39.8%). The median time to recurrence was 6 months. Disease-specific mortality was 43%. All-cause mortality was 46.1%. On multivariable Cox regression, older patient age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.91, P = 0.008) and higher Melan-A expression (HR = 0.21; P = 0.029) were associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality. Higher S100 levels (HR = 37.4; P = 0.001) were predictive of poor survival. On logistic regression, large, ulcerated, lower esophageal tumors were significantly more likely to recur (P = 0.018, P = 0.013, and P = 0.027 respectively). Esophageal melanoma is a rare malignancy that tends to present with dysphagia. Most surgically-treated patients undergo esophagectomy. Large, ulcerated, lower esophageal lesions recur more frequently. Immunohistochemistry provides prognostic information regarding survival.

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Primary Malignant Melanoma of Esophagus

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

The Thousand Faces of Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review of the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Esophageal melanoma: a systematic review and exploratory recurrence and survival analysis

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