Primary malignant melanoma of rectum: A rare case report

Saadaat, Ramin; Saifullah, -; Adelyar, Mohammad Asef; Rasool, Esmatullah Esmat; Abdul‐Ghafar, Jamshid; Haidary, Ahmed Maseh

doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.107942

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The mainstay of treatment for MM remains surgery. In the collected case reports, most patients without distant and lymph node metastases and peripheral spread were treated by LE[ 26 - 31 ]; when local and lymph node metastases were present, traditional abdominal perineal resection (APR) was still used[ 32 ]. Traditionally, the surgical treatment of rectal-anal melanoma has been APR because of the wide scope of surgical resection, removal of the anal sphincter and removal of the rectal mesenteric draining lymph nodes to reduce the recurrence rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic ultrasound features of rectal melanoma: A case report and review of literature

Xiong,

Wei,

Wang

et al. 2024

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Rectal mucosal melanoma is a rare and highly aggressive disease. Common symptoms include anal pain, an anal mass, or bleeding. As such, the disease is usually detected on rectal examination of patients with other suspected anorectal diseases. However, due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, melanoma of the rectal mucosa is easily misdiagnosed. CASE SUMMARY This report describes the case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented with a history of blood in her stool for the prior one or two months, without any identifiable cause. During colonoscopy, a bulge of approximately 2.2 cm × 2.0 cm was identified. Subsequently, the patient underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to characterize the depth of invasion of the lesions. EUS suggested a hypoechoic mucosal mass with involvement of the submucosal layer and heterogeneity of the internal echoes. Following surgical intervention, the excised tissue samples were examined and confirmed to be rectal malignant melanoma. The patient recovered well with no evidence of recurrence during follow-up. CONCLUSION This case shows that colonoscopy with EUS and pathological examination can accurately diagnose rare cases of rectal mucosal melanoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic ultrasound features of rectal melanoma: A case report and review of literature

Xiong,

Wei,

Wang

et al. 2024

World J Clin Cases

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Anorectal melanoma: systematic review of the current literature of an aggressive type of melanoma

Paolino,

Podo Brunetti,

De Rosa

et al. 2024

Melanoma Research

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Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is a rare malignancy often associated with a poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and aggressive biological behavior. This review aims to comprehensively investigate ARM’s diagnosis, management, and treatment, emphasizing its clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and implications for patient prognosis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from inception to 1 July 2024. This review synthesizes existing literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of this rare primary malignancy. A total of 110 articles reporting on 166 patients were included. Gender data were available for 131 cases, comprising 67 females (51.1%) and 64 males (48.9%). The median age was 66 years. The overall median time to diagnosis was 4 months for anal melanoma, 3 months for rectal melanoma, and 4 months for anorectal junction melanoma. The clinical presentation was nodular in 98.2% of cases. Pre-diagnosis symptoms included bleeding in 84.9% of cases, mucous elimination (6%), pain (68.7%), tenesmus (16.9%), and changes in bowel movements (28.5%). Overall survival (OS) was reported in 82 cases, with a median OS of 11 months: 11 months for anal melanoma, 7 months for rectal melanoma, and 12 months for anorectal junction melanoma. ARM is a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. A female predominance was observed, consistent with other mucosal melanomas. Anal melanoma exhibited better progression-free survival, and OS compared to rectal and anorectal junction melanoma.

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Primary malignant melanoma of rectum: A rare case report

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Endoscopic ultrasound features of rectal melanoma: A case report and review of literature

Endoscopic ultrasound features of rectal melanoma: A case report and review of literature

Anorectal melanoma: systematic review of the current literature of an aggressive type of melanoma

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