Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A rare cause of dysphagia

Morató, Cristina; Soler, Ana Mora; Bermejo, Ana Beatriz Prieto; Pérez, Concepción Piñero; Corte, Daniel Pérez; Materán, Rosa Acosta; Prieto, Héctor Marcos; Mateos, Luciano; Martínez, Fernando Geijo; Pérez, Antonio Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/j.gastre.2015.12.003

Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition)

2016

DOI: 10.1016/j.gastre.2015.12.003

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Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A rare cause of dysphagia

Cristina Morató

Ana Mora Soler

Ana Beatriz Prieto Bermejo

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…Therefore, we considered lameness to be an important finding reflecting the high malignancy of MM in the present case. In humans, infiltration of MM into the bladder, urethra, uterus, or prostate, causes dysuria [ 4 , 19 ], and infiltration of MM into the esophagus causes dysphagia [ 10 , 15 ]. In dogs, there were reported that infiltration of MM into colon caused dysuria [ 17 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

A case of malignant melanoma, a possible primary site in the digit, with systemic metastasis in a mini-Rex

Furujo

Sunden

Horiguchi

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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We report a case of systemic metastasis of malignant melanoma in a mini-Rex (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The animal presented with lameness of the right hind limb, swelling of popliteal lymph node, and a black mass on the first digit. Paralysis of hindlimbs and forelimbs, dysuria, and dysphagia progressed over time, and the rabbit died on day 35 from the first visit. At necropsy, many black lesions were observed in multiple organs including the marrow of most bones.Histopathologically, the tumor cells had highly atypical nuclei of various sizes and an abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and some cells contained melanin granules. These cells were positive for PNL2 and S-100, melanoma makers, by immunohistochemistry. This is the first report of malignant melanoma in a mini-Rex with severe malignancy and systemic metastasis including the bone marrow.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of malignant melanoma, a possible primary site in the digit, with systemic metastasis in a mini-Rex

Furujo

Sunden

Horiguchi

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Esophageal melanoma: a systematic review and exploratory recurrence and survival analysis

Schizas

Mylonas

Bagias

et al. 2019

Diseases of the Esophagus

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SUMMARY Esophageal melanoma is a rare and poorly described malignancy. We sought to review all available data on the clinicopathological features, management options, and outcomes of patients with esophageal melanoma to guide clinicians working to treat these uncommon tumors. A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed. Exploratory recurrence and survival analyses were performed using previously-validated pooled Cox and logistic regression techniques for case reports and case series. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the tools developed by the Joanna Briggs and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institutes. Fifty-nine studies were reviewed. A total of 93 patients with esophageal melanoma were identified. The mean patient age was 61.2 ± 10.6 years. Esophageal melanoma usually developed at the lower esophagus (48.4%). 90.3% of the patients were symptomatic at presentation, with dysphagia being the most common symptom (72%). Esophagectomy was performed in 91.4% of the patients. Postoperatively, 14 patients (15.1%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor recurrence was seen in 37 patients (39.8%). The median time to recurrence was 6 months. Disease-specific mortality was 43%. All-cause mortality was 46.1%. On multivariable Cox regression, older patient age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.91, P = 0.008) and higher Melan-A expression (HR = 0.21; P = 0.029) were associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality. Higher S100 levels (HR = 37.4; P = 0.001) were predictive of poor survival. On logistic regression, large, ulcerated, lower esophageal tumors were significantly more likely to recur (P = 0.018, P = 0.013, and P = 0.027 respectively). Esophageal melanoma is a rare malignancy that tends to present with dysphagia. Most surgically-treated patients undergo esophagectomy. Large, ulcerated, lower esophageal lesions recur more frequently. Immunohistochemistry provides prognostic information regarding survival.

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The Thousand Faces of Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review of the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

Cazzato

Cascardi

Colagrande

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus (PMME) is an extremely rare cancer of the esophagus, accounting for 0.1–0.8% of all oro-esophageal cancers and <0.05% of all melanoma subtypes, with an estimated incidence of 0.0036 cases per million/year. We conduct a careful analysis of the literature starting from 1906 to the beginning of 2022, searching the PubMed, Science.gov, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. A total of 457 records were initially identified in the literature search, of which 17 were duplicates. After screening for eligibility and inclusion criteria, 303 publications were ultimately included, related to 347 patients with PMME. PMME represents a very rare entity whose very existence has been the subject of debate for a long time. Over time, an increasing number of cases have been reported in the literature, leading to an increase in knowledge and laying the foundations for a discussion on the treatment of this pathology, which still remains largely represented by surgery. In recent times, the possibility of discovering greater mutations in gene hotspots has made it possible to develop new therapeutic strategies of which nivolumab is an example. Future studies with large case series, with clinicopathological and molecular data, will be necessary to improve the outcome of patients with PMME.

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Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A rare cause of dysphagia

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

A case of malignant melanoma, a possible primary site in the digit, with systemic metastasis in a mini-Rex

A case of malignant melanoma, a possible primary site in the digit, with systemic metastasis in a mini-Rex

Esophageal melanoma: a systematic review and exploratory recurrence and survival analysis

The Thousand Faces of Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review of the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus

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