Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Gallbladder: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Haskaraca, Mehmet Fatih; Özsoy, Mustafa; Özsan, İsmail; Kurt, Kamile

doi:10.1155/2012/693547

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for evaluation of the gallbladder in symptomatic patients or in patients in whom metastatic disease of the gallbladder is suspected [ 15 ]. Typical ultrasound findings include a sole or multiple infiltrative polypoid lesions not showing acoustic shadow, larger than 1 cm, and attached to the GB wall [ 4 ]. Doppler ultrasound has been shown to be useful in detecting the presence of remarkably increased blood flow within the lesions [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastatic Melanoma of the Gallbladder in an Asymptomatic Patient

Khan

Patel

Zaccarini

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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Malignant Melanoma (MM) is among the most dangerous malignancies with some of the least known survival rates. Melanoma most commonly metastasizes to regional lymph nodes, the lungs, and brain. Metastatic disease of the gallbladder (GB) is exceptionally rare making it difficult to diagnose. The fact that typically patients do not present until they are symptomatic—only after widespread metastatic disease has already occurred—is further complicating the diagnosis of MM of the GB. For this reason, MM of the GB is rarely discovered in living patients. In fact, review of the literature showed only 40 instances in which metastatic disease of the GB was reported in living patients. We describe the presentation and management of a patient who had metastatic disease of the GB. However, our case is unique because his malignancy was discovered incidentally while he was asymptomatic. He was successfully treated with an open cholecystectomy. We have presented this case in order to make the necessity of meticulous investigation of potential metastasis in patients with a known history of cutaneous melanoma clear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melanoma most commonly metastasizes to regional lymph nodes, the lungs, and brain [ 2 , 3 ]. Metastatic disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is unusual and only occurs in 2–4% of patients [ 4 ]. Within the GI system metastatic disease most commonly occurs in the intestines, colon, and the stomach [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic Melanoma of the Gallbladder in an Asymptomatic Patient

Khan

Patel

Zaccarini

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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“…Cutaneous melanoma arises from transformed melanocytes and can appear anywhere that melanocytes have migrated from during embryogenesis. The eyes [81], central nervous system [82], gastrointestinal tract [83,84], and even the gallbladder [85] have been reported as primary sites of the disease. More than 90% of melanomas are found on the skin and four percent are discovered as metastases without an identifiable primary site.…”

Section: Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma Review: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Staging

Arrangoiz¹

2016

JCTR

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Study Aim: Cutaneous melanoma accounts for approximately 4% of all skin cancers diagnosis each year in the USA but is responsible for 75% of skin cancer deaths. Physicians need to have an up to date knowledge about the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical features of melanoma in order to make an early diagnosis and provide appropriate management decisions to improve survival in this aggressive malignancy. We will be presenting an extensive, up to date, literature review of cutaneous melanoma including the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and staging. Method: An extensive literature review was performed using the following search engines: Pubmed, Ovid, Miromedex, and Dynamed. We limited our literature search to research papers written in English using the following keywords: cutaneous melanoma, epidemiology of melanoma, risk factors for melanoma, diagnosis of melanoma, clinical classification and staging of melanoma. Results: As a result of our extensive literature review we present an up to date review on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, classification and staging of cutaneous melanoma. Conclusion: Physicians need to have an up to date knowledge about the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical features in order to make an early diagnosis and provide appropriate management decisions in order to improve the survival patients with this aggressive malignancy.

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“…The past decade has seen a rapid increase in the incidence in melanoma, it is estimated that the annual increase in the incidence rate of melanoma has been ~3-7% per year worldwide for Caucasians (1). Melanoma is one of the most lethal of all adult malignancies due to its extremely high tendency to metastasize towards multiple human organs, such as the liver, brain and lung (2,3). The median survival following the onset of distant metastases is 6-9 months, and the 5-year survival rate is >5% (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melanoma is one of the most lethal of all adult malignancies due to its extremely high tendency to metastasize towards multiple human organs, such as the liver, brain and lung (2,3). The median survival following the onset of distant metastases is 6-9 months, and the 5-year survival rate is >5% (2,3). Surgery resection remains the primary curative treatment for melanoma at early stages (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA‑373 promotes cell migration via targeting salt‑inducible kinase 1 expression in melanoma

Bai

Yang

2018

Exp Ther Med

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It is well established that altered expression of microRNAs (miRs) is critical in numerous human cancer types. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of many miRs are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, and cell migration assays were performed to verify dysregulation of miR-373 in melanoma and its biological function. The transcriptional level of miR-373 was identified to be upregulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines compared with nevus and normal melanocytes. miR-373 was identified to function as an oncomiR, promoting melanoma cell migration. Notably, miR-373 was observed to suppress its downstream gene salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) through directly binding the 3'-untranslated region of SIK1 expression. Furthermore, reduced SIK1 expression was identified to be responsible for the oncogenic effect of miR-373. In conclusion, the present study indicates that miR-373 functions as an oncomiR to promote melanoma progression through targeting SIK1 expression. This may provide a new therapeutic approach for melanoma.

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Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Gallbladder: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Metastatic Melanoma of the Gallbladder in an Asymptomatic Patient

Metastatic Melanoma of the Gallbladder in an Asymptomatic Patient

Melanoma Review: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Staging

MicroRNA‑373 promotes cell migration via targeting salt‑inducible kinase 1 expression in melanoma

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