Primary mediastinal hepatoid adenocarcinoma: case description of a rare condition

Jin, Mengni; Tao, Yahong; Liu, Jing; Zhong, Qing; Wu, Yang; Zuo, Minjing

doi:10.21037/qims-22-1124

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Mediastinal HAC cases remain exceptionally rare with limited literature available. A search conducted by Jin et al 4 only produced five articles related to mediastinal HAC 4. Mediastinal HACs appear to be more prevalent in males 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A search conducted by Jin et al 4 only produced five articles related to mediastinal HAC 4. Mediastinal HACs appear to be more prevalent in males 4. commonly presenting in middle-aged or elderly people 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mediastinal HACs appear to be more prevalent in males 4. commonly presenting in middle-aged or elderly people 4. Patients tend to present late with non-specific symptoms, with most cases in the literature diagnosed with advanced tumour stages 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastatic mediastinal hepatoid adenocarcinoma

Caruana,

Cachia,

Micallef

et al. 2024

BMJ Case Rep

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Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) of the mediastinum is a rare extrahepatic tumour that pathologically and morphologically resembles hepatocellular carcinoma. Extrahepatic HACs primarily occur in the stomach, ovaries, lung, gallbladder, pancreas and uterus. Patients with mediastinal HAC tend to be male smokers over forty years of age. Clinical symptoms of HAC are non-specific and varied in nature; therefore, diagnosis can be challenging and often delayed. Diagnostic investigations encompass haematological, radiological and histological assessment. Surgical resection is reserved for early-stage patients; however, since diagnosis may be delayed, most patients present with metastatic disease, for which the treatment of choice is platinum-based chemotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%